Sociology Families And Households: Demography And Family & Social Policy Flashcards

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1
Q

Functionalists views on families & social policy

A

Social policy’s should help the family perform its functions

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2
Q

Functionalist:
(Social policy’s & family)

A

Ronald Fletcher(1966)
Argues that the intro of health, education and housing polices led to the welfare state that supports family’s eg NHS

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3
Q

Family & social policy-Functionalist critique

A

-assumes all members of the family benefit from the policy’s eg women

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4
Q

New Rights views on family structure

A

-nuclear family are fav beacuse of self reliance

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5
Q

New Right:
Brenda Almond (2006)
(Families & social policy)

A

-laws making divorce easier undermine marriage
-state no longer sees the nuclear family as superior due to civil partnership laws

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6
Q

New Right:
Social policy
(Families & social policy)

A

Charles Murray
-Reward irresponsible behaviour e.g:
-providing council houses for unmarried teen mums -encourages young girls to get pregnant
-Encouraging dependency culture

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7
Q

New Right critique on
family & social policy

A

-Claire Wallace(1992) argues that cutting benefits would drive poor family’s into even greater poverty
-feminist argue that the new right prefer the nuclear family due to its domestic roles

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8
Q

Feminist views on Social policy

A

-see society as male dominated
-belive the state and policy’s maintain women’s subordinate position

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9
Q

Self-fulfilling prophecy
Land (1978)

A

-social policy’s assume that the ideal family is nuclear

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10
Q

Policy’s that support the patriarchal family:

A

-tax benefits for marriage
-childcare

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11
Q

Critique on feminists views on social policy

A

-benefits for lone parents
-equal pay act (2010)

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12
Q

Reasons for decline in birth rate:

A

-changes in women’s position
-decline in the infant mortality rate
-children are an economic liability
-child centrednees

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13
Q

Reasons for decline in birth rate:
changes in women’s postition

A

-major changes in 20th century
-legally equal
Access to divorce
-divorce reinformact of 1971
- Harper the education of women is the reason for decline in birth rates more concentrated on careers

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14
Q

Reasons for decline in birth rate: Decline in infant mortality

A

-Harper argues IMR leads to a fall in birth rate
-if infants die parents have more children to replace them whereas if they don’t die they have less children
Reasons why IMR have fallen:
-better housing & sanitation
-better nutrition

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15
Q

Reasons for decline in birth rate: children are now economically liable

A

-children were econmic assets as they could work
-Laws: banning child Labour
-compulsory schooling
-rising leaving age at school
-changing norms as children expect material items from parents

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16
Q

Effects of changes in fertility:

A

-The Family
-The dependency ratio
-Public services and policies

17
Q

Reasons for the decline in the death rate:

A

-improved nutrition
- medical improvements
-smoking and diet
-public Health mixes

18
Q

Reasons for the decline in the death rate: Smoking & diet

A

-Harper argues that the greatest fall in deaths is beacuse of less smoking not medical improvements but obesity is replacing smoking
-e.g 2012 1/4 of Uk adults were obese
-‘American’ way of life but long lifespan is achievable due to costly medicine

19
Q

Reasons for the decline in the death rate: Improved nutrition

A

-McKeown argues that improved nutrition has contributed to half the reduction in death rates
-improved nutrition increase resistance to infection

20
Q

Reasons for the decline in the death rate: critique of improved nutrition

A

-McKeown doesn’t explain why females live longer and fails to explain deaths from infections diseases acctully rose at this time

21
Q

Reasons for the decline in the death rate: Public health measures

A

-government enforced laws that led to improvements in public health and quality of environment
Laws such as:
-Purer drinking water
-pasteurisation on milk
-improved sewage disposal

22
Q

Effects of an aging population :

A

-Public services
-one person pensioner householders
-dependency ratio

23
Q

Effects of an aging population : public services

A

-older people consume larger proportion of health and social care then other age groups

24
Q

Effects of an aging population : dependency ratio

A

-non-working old are econmically dependent
-e.g taxation to pay for pensioners and health care
-as the number of retired people rises increases dependency ratio
-ageing population offsets by a decline number of dependent children