Sociology Flashcards
What is a health related behaviour?
Anything that promotes good health or leads to illness
What are examples of health related behaviours?
Smoking
Drinking
Exercise
Safe sex
What are some learning theories to help understand health related behaviour?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Social learning theory
What’s classical conditioning based on
Association of response with stimulus
What’s operant conditioning
The association of an action with a positive or negative rewards system
What’s social learning theory based on?
Observe and model behaviour models.
In social leaning theory when are behaviours likely to be performed
When they are valued and the person has self efficacy for them
What are some social cognition models associated with health related behaviour?
Cognitive dissonance theory
Health belief model
Theory of planned behaviour
What is cognitive dissonance theory?
Discomfort when actions or events don’t match belief
Change belief and therefore change behaviour
What does the health belief model state?
Beliefs about the threat of the health issue are put against beliefs about the health related behaviour, resulting in an action
What does the theory of planned behaviour state?
Our attitude towards the behaviour vs the subjective norm of the behaviour vs the perceived control we have over the choice leads to an intention to behave in a certain way
What are the 5 stages of change in the trantheroretical behavioural model
Preparation Action Maintainance Relapse Precontemplation
What are some determinants of health?
Physical environment Social Economic Genetics Behaviour
What does the declaration of alma ata state?
Health is a fundamental right, inequalities are unacceptable.
What is health promotion?
Process of enabling people to have more control over there health
Acronym for health promotion principles?
What that stands for?
Every. Empowering Person. Participatory Has. Holistic Inherited. Intersectoral Equal. Equitable Shares in. Sustainable Movement. Multi-strategy
What is public health and health promotion
Public health the end goal
Health promotion is the process of attaining it
What are some types of health promotion?
Medical/prevantitive Behavioural change Education Empowerment Social change
What is primary, secondary and tertiary health promotion?
Primary- stop exposure
Secondary- detect and treat early
Tertiary- reduce effects of established disease
What are some examples of dilemmas caused by health promotion?
- Nanny state
- Victim blaming
- Reinforces negative stereotypes
- Fallacy of empowerment
- Unequal distribution of responsibility
- Prevention paradox- input not reaching right people
What are some types of evaluation or health promotion?
Process eval
Impact eval
Outcome eval
What are the two forms of rationing in resource allocation
Explicit and implicit
What’s explicit rationing in regards to resource allocation
Based on defined rules of entitlement (NICE)
What’s implicit rationing in regards to resource allocation
Allocation of resources through individual clincal decisions without criteria
