Sociology

Question 1

Social Class Definition

Answer 1

Category of people who share a similar socioeconomic position in society

Question 2

Status Definition

Answer 2

Position in society that are used to classify individuals in relation to other statuses

Question 3

Macro-sociology Definition

Answer 3

Focus on large groups and social structures

Question 4

Interpersonal Attraction Definition

Answer 4

Phenomenon of people liking eachother

Question 5

Social Action Definition + Person who identified

Answer 5

Actions and behaviors that people are conscious of and perform because other people are around
Max Weber

Question 6

Motivation Definition

Answer 6

Driving force behind our actions

Question 7

Self-concept Definition

Answer 7

The sum of ways we describe ourselves in future, past and present

Question 8

Social Stratification Definition

Answer 8

Study of social inequalities

Question 9

3 types of statuses

Answer 9

1) Ascribed
2) Achieved
3) Master

Question 10

Ascribed status definition

Answer 10

Given involuntarily; based on gender, race, ethnicity etc.

Question 11

Micro-sociology Definition

Answer 11

Focus on small groups and the individual

Question 12

Factors influencing interpersonal attraction (5)

Answer 12

1) Physical characteristics
2) Similarity
3) Self-disclosure
4) Reciprocal Liking
5) Proximity

Question 13

Self-disclosure in interpersonal attraction definition

Answer 13

Sharing one’s fears, thoughts and goals without judgement. This must be reciprocal

Question 14

Social Facilitation Definition

Answer 14

People perform better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks when being watched

Question 15

Social Facilitation aka

Answer 15

Audience effect

Question 16

External drive in motivation

Answer 16

reward and punishment (outside the person)

Question 17

Internal drive in motivation

Answer 17

Behavior is personally gratifying (from within the person)

Question 18

Self-Schema definition

Answer 18

A self-given label that carries with it a set of qualities

Question 19

Identity definition

Answer 19

Individual components of our self-concept related to the groups to which we belong

Question 20

Socioeconomic status depends on which 2 statuses?

Answer 20

1) Ascribed-Caste and Estate Systems

2) Achieved-Class System

Question 21

Achieved status definition

Answer 21

Gained as a result of one’s efforts or choices

Question 22

Social Structure definition

Answer 22

System of people within a society organized by characteristic pattern of relationships

Question 23

Reciprocal Liking in interpersonal attraction

Answer 23

People like each other better when they believe the other person likes them

Question 24

Yerkes-Dodson Social Facilitation

Answer 24

Presence of others cause increase in arousal by sympathetic stimulation. Increase in arousal cause people to perform better in tasks they are familiar with and worse in less familiar tasks

Question 25

Extrinsic Motivation Definition

Answer 25

Reward for good behavior or avoid punishment if desired behavior not achieved

Question 26

Gender Identity

Answer 26

A person's evaluation of themselves on scales of masculinity and femininity

Question 27

Androgyny

Answer 27

State of being simultaneously very feminine and very masculin

Question 28

Undifferentiated gender identity

Answer 28

Scoring low for both femininity and masculinity

Question 29

Power in social classes

Answer 29

Based on unequal distribution of valued resources; its the ability to affect others behavior through real or perceived rewards or punishments

Question 30

Master Status definition

Answer 30

Status by which one is most identified

Question 31

Functionalism/ Functional Analysis

Answer 31

Study of structure and function of each part of society. All must work together in harmony for society to be functional

Question 32

Dysfunction according to functionalism theory

Answer 32

Harmful consequences of people's actions as they undermine a social system's equilibrium

Question 33

Function according to functionalism theory

Answer 33

Action that is intended to help particular part of a system in society

Question 34

Proximity in interpersonal attraction

Answer 34

Being physically close to someone, mere exposure effect

Question 35

Mere exposure/familiarity effect

Answer 35

People prefer stimuli that they have been exposed to more frequently

Question 36

Deindividuation definition

Answer 36

Presence in large group that provides anonymity causes a loss of individual identity

Question 37

Deindividuation consequences

Answer 37

Can cause loss of individual identity which can lead to antinormative behavior

Question 38

Antinormative behavior

Answer 38

Behavior against the norm

Question 39

Intrinsic Motivation definition

Answer 39

Motivation comes from within the person and is driven by interest or pure enjoyment in a task

Question 40

How to reduce intrinsic motivation?

Answer 40

Introduce an external reward into the scenario

Question 41

Ethnic Identity Definition

Answer 41

Ethic group; share common ancestry, cultural heritage and language

Question 42

National Identity Definition

Answer 42

Based on political borders; Shared history, media, cuisine and national symbols

Question 43

Prestige definition

Answer 43

Amount of positive regard society has for a given person or idea