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Behavioral Science > Sociology > Flashcards

Sociology Flashcards

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1
Q

Social Class Definition

A

Category of people who share a similar socioeconomic position in society

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2
Q

Status Definition

A

Position in society that are used to classify individuals in relation to other statuses

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3
Q

Macro-sociology Definition

A

Focus on large groups and social structures

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4
Q

Interpersonal Attraction Definition

A

Phenomenon of people liking eachother

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5
Q

Social Action Definition + Person who identified

A

Actions and behaviors that people are conscious of and perform because other people are around
Max Weber

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6
Q

Motivation Definition

A

Driving force behind our actions

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7
Q

Self-concept Definition

A

The sum of ways we describe ourselves in future, past and present

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8
Q

Social Stratification Definition

A

Study of social inequalities

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9
Q

3 types of statuses

A

1) Ascribed
2) Achieved
3) Master

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10
Q

Ascribed status definition

A

Given involuntarily; based on gender, race, ethnicity etc.

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11
Q

Micro-sociology Definition

A

Focus on small groups and the individual

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12
Q

Factors influencing interpersonal attraction (5)

A

1) Physical characteristics
2) Similarity
3) Self-disclosure
4) Reciprocal Liking
5) Proximity

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13
Q

Self-disclosure in interpersonal attraction definition

A

Sharing one’s fears, thoughts and goals without judgement. This must be reciprocal

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14
Q

Social Facilitation Definition

A

People perform better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks when being watched

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15
Q

Social Facilitation aka

A

Audience effect

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16
Q

External drive in motivation

A

reward and punishment (outside the person)

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17
Q

Internal drive in motivation

A

Behavior is personally gratifying (from within the person)

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18
Q

Self-Schema definition

A

A self-given label that carries with it a set of qualities

19
Q

Identity definition

A

Individual components of our self-concept related to the groups to which we belong

20
Q

Socioeconomic status depends on which 2 statuses?

A

1) Ascribed-Caste and Estate Systems

2) Achieved-Class System

21
Q

Achieved status definition

A

Gained as a result of one’s efforts or choices

22
Q

Social Structure definition

A

System of people within a society organized by characteristic pattern of relationships

23
Q

Reciprocal Liking in interpersonal attraction

A

People like each other better when they believe the other person likes them

24
Q

Yerkes-Dodson Social Facilitation

A

Presence of others cause increase in arousal by sympathetic stimulation. Increase in arousal cause people to perform better in tasks they are familiar with and worse in less familiar tasks

25
Q

Extrinsic Motivation Definition

A

Reward for good behavior or avoid punishment if desired behavior not achieved

26
Q

Gender Identity

A

A person’s evaluation of themselves on scales of masculinity and femininity

27
Q

Androgyny

A

State of being simultaneously very feminine and very masculin

28
Q

Undifferentiated gender identity

A

Scoring low for both femininity and masculinity

29
Q

Power in social classes

A

Based on unequal distribution of valued resources; its the ability to affect others behavior through real or perceived rewards or punishments

30
Q

Master Status definition

A

Status by which one is most identified

31
Q

Functionalism/ Functional Analysis

A

Study of structure and function of each part of society. All must work together in harmony for society to be functional

32
Q

Dysfunction according to functionalism theory

A

Harmful consequences of people’s actions as they undermine a social system’s equilibrium

33
Q

Function according to functionalism theory

A

Action that is intended to help particular part of a system in society

34
Q

Proximity in interpersonal attraction

A

Being physically close to someone, mere exposure effect

35
Q

Mere exposure/familiarity effect

A

People prefer stimuli that they have been exposed to more frequently

36
Q

Deindividuation definition

A

Presence in large group that provides anonymity causes a loss of individual identity

37
Q

Deindividuation consequences

A

Can cause loss of individual identity which can lead to antinormative behavior

38
Q

Antinormative behavior

A

Behavior against the norm

39
Q

Intrinsic Motivation definition

A

Motivation comes from within the person and is driven by interest or pure enjoyment in a task

40
Q

How to reduce intrinsic motivation?

A

Introduce an external reward into the scenario

41
Q

Ethnic Identity Definition

A

Ethic group; share common ancestry, cultural heritage and language

42
Q

National Identity Definition

A

Based on political borders; Shared history, media, cuisine and national symbols

43
Q

Prestige definition

A

Amount of positive regard society has for a given person or idea

Behavioral Science (4 decks)

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