Sociology

Question 1

What is crt

Answer 1

Critical race theory - social construct and that racism is not merely the product of individual bias or prejudice but also something embedded in legal systems and policies

Question 2

What is ethnocentricity and what does it focus on

Answer 2

The belief that your own ethnic group or culture is superior to others
It focuses on and priorities a particular ethnic group to the exclusion of others

Question 3

Define culture

Answer 3

Things that are learnt and shared by a society or groups of people transmitted from generation to generation

Question 4

Define norms

Answer 4

Social rules, expectations or standards that govern the behaviour expected in particular situations

Question 5

Define values

Answer 5

Ideal or beliefs about general principles or goals. Tells society what is good/important in life + what to sins for

Question 6

Define socialisation

Answer 6

The process by which an individual learns or internalises the culture of society. They learn all the necessary things that are essential in order to survive in society

Question 7

Define status

Answer 7

A position in society. Ascribed status occurs where o it position in society js determines by a fixed characteristics

Question 8

Define role

Answer 8

How someone who occupies a particular status is expected to act

Question 9

Nature vs nurture

Answer 9

Nature=from within, born like that e.g. height, ethnicity, sexuality
Nurture=from surrounding, like the way you were brought ip

Question 10

What do sociologists believe about behaviour?

Answer 10

They believe behaviour is learned rather then being inherited

Question 11

What Is a formal norm

Answer 11

Norms that are explained to you

Question 12

What are informal norms?

Answer 12

Norms picked up from around you in society

Question 13

Define the term intellectual development

Answer 13

These are skills, attitudes and basic values that are developed at an early age through primary socialisation

Question 14

Explain how language is linked with society?

Answer 14

The Study between the relationship between language and society is linked closely with sociolinguistics focuses on the effect society had on language

Question 15

What do neoliberalist’s want?

Answer 15

• A free market to encourage competition between businesses
• privatisation of education, health and transport
• education to help country compete with the global economy
• schools run like businesses, competition between schools and parents

Question 16

How does neoliberalism link to the nee right?

Answer 16

The new right is a conservative view point and it combines neo-liberal economics (free market) and minimal government intervention

Question 17

How does Karl Marx describe capitalism?

Answer 17

As a 2 class system: the capitalist class and the working class.

Question 18

What is karl Marx views on capitalist class?

Answer 18

That capitalist class is the minority class and the owners of land, factories, employs people and he believed they profited by exploiting the working class

Question 19

What does Karl marx view the working class as?

Answer 19

The majority class and they work for the capitalist class and have no means of production of their own, have no other source of income

Question 20

What does Louis Althusser suggest capitalists maintain power by using?

Answer 20

• repressive state apparatus (coercive forces like the police/army)
• ideological state apparatus (like schools who prepare the working class to expect a life of exploitation)

Question 21

What do Bowles and Gintis (Marxists) argue about capitalists?

Answer 21

That they need hardworking workforce who accepts authority and who don’t make a fuss if exploited