sociological theories informing policies AC4.1 Flashcards
1
Q
situational crime preventation
A
aims to reduce opportunities for crime by increasing the difficulty of commiting one e.g neighbourhood watch
2
Q
limitations of situational crime preventation
A
- displacement > offenders will commit crimes in a different place or time
- only focuses on petty crimes not coperate crimes
- fails to find the root of the problem
3
Q
strengths of situational crime prevetation
A
- newburn > lower car crime rates when car secuirty was implemented
- relatively low cost so popular with the council like neighbourhood watch volenteering
4
Q
imprisonment (favoured by right realism)
A
main way in which society aims to control crime
5
Q
limitations of imprisonment
A
- overcrowding and budget cuts lead to prisoners lacking access to education in 2024 2000 prisoners were released due to overcrowding
- studies show it does not reduce crime enough
- more prisoners are unsafe now more commit suicides or self harm so this is unethical
6
Q
zero tolerance policy
A
taking a tough stance towards all crime no matter how small it is this policy has been used in various places in the uk
7
Q
strengths of zero tolerance policy
A
- crime was cut by 20% in 18 months after ZTP was introduced
- ZPT works well in heavily populated areas with high policing levels of petty crimes
8
Q
weaknesses of zero tolerance policy
A
- can lead to targetting ethnic minorities
- can be labour intensive
- fails to adress the actual causes of cirme
9
Q
CCTV
A
- CCTV operators watch live images if they spot criminal activity they can direct police response to the incident
- can be used to investigate or prveent crime
- potential offenders not knowing if they are being watched leads to them monitoring and regulating their own behaviour
10
Q
strengths of CCTV
A
- college of policng said it made a small but statistically signifcant reducation in crime
- use of cctv can reasure the public
11
Q
limitation of CCTV
A
- gill and loveday > suggest thta very few people are put off by ccyv
- use of cctv can result in steroty[ing with operatprs singling out black youths
- norris > belives it has very little effect other than displacement
12
Q
a restorative justice
A
- a voluntary proccess involving the person who has suffered and the one that caused it
- trained facilitators talk with the victim and iffender to come to a solution
13
Q
strengths of restorative justice
A
- allows the victims to have a voice
- reduces PTSD in victims and in some cases offenders turn away from crime for life
- 85% of bictims who took part said they were satisfied
14
Q
weakness of restorative justice
A
- victims may feel pressured to take part
- shifts responsibility from state to those involved
- if it took place pre senetnce it could effect outcomes of the offender as they can get off with a lighter sentence
15
Q
tackling inequality
A
- tackle poverty > better welfare benefits and better wages
- education in prisons > improving to help immates gain skills to get a better life when released
- democratic policing > reduction in stop amd searches
- multi-agency approach > “no knives better lives”
