biological theories informing policies AC4.1

Question 1

diet and crime control policies: hypoglycaemia

Answer 1

• low blood sugar
• some people may make more insulin = drop in sugar levels. the brain lacks the sugar it needs to function at 100% which results in hightened emotions
• common for people suffering from it to be violent
• can be avoided if following a low sugar diet
• schoenthaler found reduced sugar diets reduces antisocial behvaiour by 50%

Question 2

schoenthaler

Answer 2

found reduced sugar diets reduces antisocial behvaiour by 50%

Question 3

diet and control policies: omega 3

Answer 3

• fatty acids usually found in fish
• gesch found omega 3 can reduced violent behaviour

Question 4

gesch

Answer 4

found omega 3 can reduced violent behaviour

Question 5

diet and control policies: serotonin

Answer 5

• neurotransmitter linked to mood
• virkkunen found low levels of serotonin in offenders
• can be treated with diet foods like salmon
• can be increased with antidepressents

Question 6

diet and control policies: effective?

Answer 6

• prisons have attempted to embrace the balance of good healthy diets
• in uk priosns NOA found meals contained reccomened quantity of vitamins

Question 7

drug treatment

Answer 7

• effects the bodys chemical process
• brandury and kaye found supressing the sexual drive reduces devient behaviour
• anti-androgen drugs block the effects of male hormones

Question 8

drug treatement: effective?

Answer 8

• chemical castration is ethically problematic
• human rights groups claimed that complusory castration is a cruel punishment

Question 9

brandbury and kaye

Answer 9

found supressing the sexual drive reduces devient behaviour

Question 10

dealing with drug addictions: alcohol

Answer 10

• can lead to crime as it causes aggression
• the drug antabuse is used in therapy to treat alcoholism an association is made with alcohol and nausea
• 2017 report > partcipants avoided alcohol for 90 days after
• unethical due to its punishment and unpleasent stimuli could lead to feelings of shame which affect their mental health

Question 11

dealing with drug addictions: heroin

Question 12

Antabuse

Answer 12

Prevents the body from breaking down alcohol causing unpleasant hangover symptoms like vomiting

Question 13

Eugenics

Answer 13

• improving population by controlling breeding to encourage the occurrence of desirable heritage traits
• argues the genetically unfit should be prevented from breeding
• suggests criminals should be subject to compulsory sterilisation forced abortions and restrictions on the right to marry

Question 14

Example of eugenics

Answer 14

Nazi racial purity policy by eliminating 6 million Jews and 1.5 million gypsies/roma in WW2

Question 15

Eugenics: effective?

Answer 15

• Osborn west found 40% of boys whose fathers had criminal records were criminals themselves
• however can be seen as racist or discriminatory
• can lead to a loss of genetic diversity

Question 16

Capital punishment

Answer 16

• the absolute solution must extreme driven policy
• UK abolished this when it was temporarily banned and found the murder rate stayed the same so found capital punishment was ineffective