sociolisation Flashcards
define socialisation
process of learning the norms and values of society
two types of socialisation
-primary
-secondary
define primary socialisation
teaching the basic norms and values at the ages of 0-5
define secondary socialisation
building up the norms and values taught in primary socialisation (above 5)
define agents of socialisation
Agents of socialisation are people or institutions who teach
socialisation.
what are the goals of socialisation
-Impulse control and the development of a conscience (to promote
independence and individualism).
-Role preparation and performance, including occupational roles, gender
roles and roles in institutions (marriage).
-Cultivation of what is important, values and to be lived for (to promote
obedience and conformity).
define gender socialisation
process of teaching members of society how to behave according to gender roles/expectations.
4 processes Oakley says in which family life teaches about gender socialisation
-manipulation
-canalisation
-verbal appellations
-differential activity exposure
describe the four processes
-manipulation: to the way in which boys and girls are manipulated to adopt gender appropriate behaviour.
-canalisation:the way boys and girls are directed towards different toys and games based on their gender
-verbal appellations: the way boys and girls are rebuked for behaviour which is appropriate for their gender.
E.g. ‘brave boy,’ ‘sweet girl’.
-differential activity exposure: the way in which boys and girls are encouraged to engage in separate activities, related to specific gender roles and role models.
E.g. Mum baking, Dad doing DIY.
what are examples of formal social control
-police
-court system
what are the functionalists perspective on CJS
-positive as it allow boundary maintenance causing people to conform to the norms and values of society
what are the marxists perspective on CJS
-it reflects the ruling class as those who write the laws are the bourgeoisie .
marxism view on social stratification
-criticise it as the bourgeoisie exploits the proletariat
-Bourgeoisie pay them enough to afford food and a place to live but the proletariat do not realize they are being exploited ( false class consciousness)
-proletariat experience alienation under capitalism because they lack control over production and the products of their labour.
what did karl marx believe the proletariat would do
they would develop a true class consciousness - they would unite and rise up in a global revolution and then own the means of production, and the world would become communist.
functionalists perspective on social strat
serves an important function in society as it keeps society stable
e.g: Parsons: role allocation in the nuclear family : men play the instrumental role of the breadwinner, Women play the expressive role of the caregiver.
Davis and Moore: some roles are functionally more important than others + most people lack the talent to fill these roles + so society rewards with higher pay and status to attract people to fill these roles
