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LING 201 Introduction to Linguistics > Sociolinguistics > Flashcards

Sociolinguistics Flashcards

1
Q

What are particular linguistic features that reveal us to be members of a speech community?

A

Social markers

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2
Q

What is an example of a social marker?

A

Creaky voice in English

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3
Q

True or false: Social markers are the same in all languages

A

False

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4
Q

What is an allophony not conditioned by phonological environment?

A

Free variation

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5
Q

True or false: No variation is truly free or random

A

True

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6
Q

What are the biggest components of free variation?

A

Sociolinguistic factors

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7
Q

True or false: In English, voiceless stops are in free variation with unreleased stops in word-final position

A

True

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8
Q

What is a group of speakers who share sociolinguistic norms about language use?

A

Speech community

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9
Q

True or false: Within a speech community, every speaker shares the same variety of speech

A

False

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10
Q

Where do features that are prescriptively incorrect come from?

A

Stigmatized speech community

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11
Q

What is a geographically separate mutually intelligible speech variety?

A

Dialect

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12
Q

What is a phonetic component of a dialect?

A

Accent

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13
Q

True or false: In linguistics, all dialects are associated with an accent

A

True

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14
Q

True or false: Speakers of different ages still belong to the same speech community

A

False

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15
Q

True or false: People alter their speech over time

A

False

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16
Q

Which describes either real time study or apparent time study?
a. Measuring the same variable at one point in time across different age groups
b. Measuring the same variable at different points in time

A

a. Apparent time study
b. Real time study

17
Q

(Overt/covert) prestige is when non-standard linguistic features associate the speaker with a desired but non-standard speech community

A

Covert

18
Q

(Overt/covert) prestige is when linguistic features associate the speaker with a high socio-economic class

A

Overt

19
Q

What is linguistic prestige correlated with?

A

Socioeconomic class

20
Q

What else is linguistic prestige correlated with?

A

Social situation

21
Q

True or false: Speakers just below the highest strata of society overcompensate

A

True

22
Q

A change from ____________ is when a new linguistic feature is perpetuated by the higher social class

A

Above

23
Q

A change from above is associated with __________ prestige and more likely to be led by _____________

A

Overt; women

24
Q

A change from ____________ is when a new linguistic feature is perpetuated by the lower social class

A

Below

25
Q

A change from below is associated with __________ prestige and more likely to be led by _____________

A

Covert; men

LING 201 Introduction to Linguistics (24 decks)

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