Processes

Question 1

Palatalization is the change in a consonant’s ________ and /or ____________ of articulation under the influence of adjacent high and/or front ________ or the palatal _______

Answer 1

Place; manner; vowel; glide

Question 2

What is the strongest trigger of palatalization cross-linguistically?

Answer 2

[i]

Question 3

The output in palatalization is pronounced closer to the ________________ region

Answer 3

Alveopalatal

Question 4

True or false: In palatalization, the output often becomes fricative or affricate

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What is an example of palatalization?

Answer 5

Japanese: /s/ → [ʃ] / _i as in /susi/ → [suʃi] ‘sushi’

Question 6

Deletion is the complete removal of an _____________ segment

Answer 6

Underlying

Question 7

What is the rule of a deletion in French?

Answer 7

vowel → ∅ / _ vowel

Question 8

What is an example in French of a deletion?

Answer 8

Remove “le” in front of arbre and replace “le” with “l’”

Question 9

Epenthesis is an ___________ of a new segment

Answer 9

Insertion

Question 10

What is an example of epenthesis in Hawaiian?

Answer 10

Hawaiian does not allow adjacent consonants, so “i” is added between two consonants

Question 11

Neutralization is when the output of a phonological rule is an __________ of another phoneme

Answer 11

Allophone

Question 12

What is an example of neutralization in English?

Answer 12

English plural is pronounced as a voiceless alveolar fricative /s/ and sometimes as a voiced alveolar fricative /z/ (they are separate phonemes)

Question 13

What is the term that explains why an obstruent becomes voiceless after a voiceless segment?

Answer 13

Devoicing

Question 14

Lenition is _____________ weakening

Answer 14

Consonant

Question 15

The output of a lenition has _________ obstruction, __________ voicing, _________ sonorous airflow

Answer 15

Less; more; more

Question 16

Consonants lenite next to ___________, especially vowels

Answer 16

Sonorants