Sociolinguistic

Question 1

isogloss

Answer 1

a line drawn between two areas of different ways of referring to one particular linguistic term.

Question 2

dialect boundary

Answer 2

a line that can be drawn when a number of isoglosses comes together to form a boundary.

Question 3

bilingualism

Answer 3

when a individual uses two languages in everyday life.

also a country can be bilingual, with two official languages (or not official)

Question 4

diglossia

Answer 4

two distinct varieties of a language when used in a country. there is a low variety and a high variety. eg classic arabic vs egyptian arabic.

Question 5

pidgin

Answer 5

a kind of impromptu language. lot of contact but do not know each others languages, no native speakers.

Question 6

creole

Answer 6

what a pidgin becomes when evolved and developed beyond a contact language, and becomes the first language of a social community. (children growing up in pidgin using community, develop the language to describe more.)
native speakers, not restricted in their use.

Question 7

decreolisation

Answer 7

a retreat from the use of the creole by those who are in contact with the standard variety of the language. when education a prestige are associated with the higher (standard) variety number of people will use fewer creole forms and structures.
leads both to a variety closer to the standard and one longer from, several variations of the Creole is created. (post-creole continuum).

Question 8

overt prestige

Answer 8

when the speech changes in the direction of those with higher status/higher valued in the larger community.

Question 9

covert prestige

Answer 9

a hidden status of a speech style. explain why some lower groups do not change their way of talking even if valued higher in the community. because of sounding like those around them, solidarity.

Question 10

register

Answer 10

a conventional way of using language that s appropriate in a specific context. e.g. in church.

Question 11

jargon

Answer 11

usage of special technical vocabulary. (feature of a register)
helps create connection among individuals, as “insiders” and exclude “outsiders”.

Question 12

speech style

Answer 12

different ways of using the language.
e.g.formal/informal
“higher” class/”lower” class

Question 13

dialect

Answer 13

used to describe features of grammar and vocabulary and aspects of pronunciation.