Sociocultural

Question 1

Socialization

Answer 1

The process by which a child learns the norms of living in their group

Question 2

Observational learning

Answer 2

SCT proposes that humans learn behavior through observation and limitation of other members of the group

Question 3

Reciprocal determinism

Answer 3

These behaviors are acquired, maintained and changed through an interaction with the environment

Question 4

Cognitive process of observational learning

Answer 4

Attention
Retention
Reproduction
Motivation

Question 5

Attention

Answer 5

Noticing and paying attention to a model

Question 6

Retention

Answer 6

Remembering the behavior

Question 7

Reproduction

Answer 7

Being capable of reproducing the behavior

Question 8

Motivation

Answer 8

Desire to imitate the behavior

Question 9

SCT

Answer 9

Proposes that we are both influenced by and exart an influence on the environment

Question 10

Reciprocal determinism

Answer 10

Personal
Environmental
Behavioral factors

Question 11

Social identity theory

Answer 11

States that an individual’s sense of self is developed based on social group membership

Question 12

Social categorization

Answer 12

An individual divides their social environment into In-group and Out-group

Question 13

Social identification

Answer 13

An individual strongly identifies an in-group and adopts the norms and attitudes of other group members

Question 14

Social comparisson

Answer 14

To mantain their self-steem, an individual favorably compares thair in-group with the out-group

Question 15

Positive distinctiveness

Answer 15

An individual’s motivation to show that the in-group is preferable to the out-group

Question 16

Ultimate attribution error

Answer 16

In-group members attribute negative out-group behavior to dispositional (personal) factors and positive out-group behavior to situational factors (accidents)

Question 17

Stereotype

Answer 17

is an oversimplified and generally fixed perception about a group of people

Question 18

Prejudice

Answer 18

Judgements/attitudes about individuals with little information about them, except for group membership

Question 19

Discrimination

Answer 19

Behaviors based on stereotypes and prejudice

Question 20

Culture

Answer 20

Refers to a set of behaviors, attitudes and identities shared by a large group of people, usually communicated by one generation to the next

Question 21

Cultural norms

Answer 21

The standards, expectations and rules guiding behavior within cultural groups

Question 22

Enculturation

Answer 22

The process of learning the behaviors, characteristics and norms of the culture one belongs to

Question 23

Social learning

Answer 23

Direct instruction
Participatory learning
Observational learning

Question 24

Aculturation

Answer 24

The process of psychological and cultural change as a result of contact and interaction between cultures

Question 25

Stages of cultural change

Answer 25

Assimilation Integration Separation Marginalization

Question 26

Assimilation

Answer 26

Individuals are open to change and unconcerned about any loss of their original culture, they are willing to adjust their behavior

Question 27

Integration

Answer 27

Individuals want to hold onto traditional values and beliefs, but desire at some point interactions with other cultures

Question 28

Separation

Answer 28

Individuals value their original culture and are averse to losing touch with the values and traditions of their past, they avoid interactions with other cultures

Question 29

Marginalization

Answer 29

Individuals have little interest in maintaining thair original culture and little interest in opening relationships with other cultures

Question 30

Larger society's attitudes that influence the aculturation process

Answer 30

Melting-pot Multiculturalism Segregation Exclution

Question 31

Melting-pot

Answer 31

Society expects different cultural groups to blend into a common, homogeneous culture

Question 32

Multiculturalism

Answer 32

Society values and fosters diversity. Cultural groups can coexist peacefullywhile their differences are celebrated

Question 33

Segregation

Answer 33

Society forces distinct cultural groups to remain separated, forming communities isolated from the dominant culture

Question 34

Exlution

Answer 34

Society rejects cultural groups. Their cultural identities are not recognized by society and they are not welcome in the dominant culture

Question 35

Acculturation stress

Answer 35

Biopsychological difficulties when adapting o a new cultural context The more connected to a group you feel, the less acculturation stress you feel