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Psychology > Sociocultural > Flashcards

Sociocultural Flashcards

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1
Q

Socialization

A

The process by which a child learns the norms of living in their group

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2
Q

Observational learning

A

SCT proposes that humans learn behavior through observation and limitation of other members of the group

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3
Q

Reciprocal determinism

A

These behaviors are acquired, maintained and changed through an interaction with the environment

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4
Q

Cognitive process of observational learning

A

Attention
Retention
Reproduction
Motivation

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5
Q

Attention

A

Noticing and paying attention to a model

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6
Q

Retention

A

Remembering the behavior

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7
Q

Reproduction

A

Being capable of reproducing the behavior

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8
Q

Motivation

A

Desire to imitate the behavior

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9
Q

SCT

A

Proposes that we are both influenced by and exart an influence on the environment

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10
Q

Reciprocal determinism

A

Personal
Environmental
Behavioral factors

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11
Q

Social identity theory

A

States that an individual’s sense of self is developed based on social group membership

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12
Q

Social categorization

A

An individual divides their social environment into In-group and Out-group

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13
Q

Social identification

A

An individual strongly identifies an in-group and adopts the norms and attitudes of other group members

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14
Q

Social comparisson

A

To mantain their self-steem, an individual favorably compares thair in-group with the out-group

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15
Q

Positive distinctiveness

A

An individual’s motivation to show that the in-group is preferable to the out-group

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16
Q

Ultimate attribution error

A

In-group members attribute negative out-group behavior to dispositional (personal) factors and positive out-group behavior to situational factors (accidents)

17
Q

Stereotype

A

is an oversimplified and generally fixed perception about a group of people

18
Q

Prejudice

A

Judgements/attitudes about individuals with little information about them, except for group membership

19
Q

Discrimination

A

Behaviors based on stereotypes and prejudice

20
Q

Culture

A

Refers to a set of behaviors, attitudes and identities shared by a large group of people, usually communicated by one generation to the next

21
Q

Cultural norms

A

The standards, expectations and rules guiding behavior within cultural groups

22
Q

Enculturation

A

The process of learning the behaviors, characteristics and norms of the culture one belongs to

23
Q

Social learning

A

Direct instruction
Participatory learning
Observational learning

24
Q

Aculturation

A

The process of psychological and cultural change as a result of contact and interaction between cultures

25
Q

Stages of cultural change

A

Assimilation
Integration
Separation
Marginalization

26
Q

Assimilation

A

Individuals are open to change and unconcerned about any loss of their original culture, they are willing to adjust their behavior

27
Q

Integration

A

Individuals want to hold onto traditional values and beliefs, but desire at some point interactions with other cultures

28
Q

Separation

A

Individuals value their original culture and are averse to losing touch with the values and traditions of their past, they avoid interactions with other cultures

29
Q

Marginalization

A

Individuals have little interest in maintaining thair original culture and little interest in opening relationships with other cultures

30
Q

Larger society’s attitudes that influence the aculturation process

A

Melting-pot
Multiculturalism
Segregation
Exclution

31
Q

Melting-pot

A

Society expects different cultural groups to blend into a common, homogeneous culture

32
Q

Multiculturalism

A

Society values and fosters diversity. Cultural groups can coexist peacefullywhile their differences are celebrated

33
Q

Segregation

A

Society forces distinct cultural groups to remain separated, forming communities isolated from the dominant culture

34
Q

Exlution

A

Society rejects cultural groups. Their cultural identities are not recognized by society and they are not welcome in the dominant culture

35
Q

Acculturation stress

A

Biopsychological difficulties when adapting o a new cultural context
The more connected to a group you feel, the less acculturation stress you feel

Psychology (5 decks)

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