Socio-ecological model

Question 1

What are population strategies?

Answer 1

Environmental - build infrastructure such as pools, parks and paths
Policy - Laws and rules
Mass media - TV ads

Question 2

What are individual strategies?

Answer 2

Media

Counselling - Seeing a doctor and being told to be active

Question 3

Which comes first, building or education?

Answer 3

Building. Build the infrastructure and facilities, then educate

Question 4

Tailoring

Answer 4

Intervention methods must be tailored to suit the needs

Question 5

List the 4 components of the social ecological model

Answer 5

Individual
Social environment
Physical environment
Policy

Question 6

What does the social ecological model look like?

Answer 6

It looks like a target, with individual being in the middle, surrounded by social environment, then physical environment and finally by policy

Question 7

Individual level

Answer 7

The centre of the social ecological model, including personal factors that increase or decrease the likelihood of an individual being physically active.
A - age
S - sex
K - knowledge, attitudes, perceived barriers, behaviours
S - socioeconomic status
L - level of education
E - employment status
S - skills, abilities, disabilities, injuries
S - self-efficiency

Question 8

Social level

Answer 8

Surrounding the individual level, the social environment level includes relationships, the culture and society the individual interacts with.
Family
Peers
Institutions and organisations, e.g. schools, workplaces and community organisations
Access to social support networks
Influence of health professionals such as doctors, teaches and coaches
Community norms
Cultural background
Socioeconomic status of the community

Question 9

Physical environment

Answer 9

Includes the natural environment and the man made environment.
Natural factors such as weather or geography
Availability and accès to facilities such as parks
Aesthetics or perceived qualities of facilities or the natural environment
Safety
Community design such as the design of the streets

Question 10

Policy

Answer 10

Refers to legislation.
Urban planning policies
Active transport policies
Education policies such as mandating time for PE classes
Health policies
Environmental policies
Workplace policies
Funding policies

Question 11

How to critique programs

Answer 11

Did it cover all levels?
Is it tailored?
Does it remove any barriers?
New resources?
Has environmental change been supported?