Socio-cultural influences - key terms

Question 1

Role model

Answer 1

a person looked up to by others as an example to be imitated.

Question 2

Commercialisation

Answer 2

the management or exploitation of a person, organisation or activity in a way designed to make a profit.

Question 3

Media

Answer 3

a diverse range of technologies that act as a means of mass communication. 4 types: print media (the press), internet + social media, broadcast media, outdoor media.

Question 4

Sponsor

Answer 4

an individual / group, usually a company, that provides financial or other forms of support to an event, activity, person or organisation

Question 5

Sponsorship

Answer 5

provision of funds or other forms of support to an event, activity, person or organisation in return for some kind of commercial return.

Question 6

Etiquette

Answer 6

a convention or unwritten rule in an activity. It is not an enforceable rule but usually observed.

Question 7

Sportsmanship

Answer 7

conforming to the rules, spirit and etiquette of a sport.

Question 8

Gamesmanship

Answer 8

attempting to gain an advantage by stretching the rules to their limit.

Question 9

Contract to compete

Answer 9

an unwritten agreement between opponents to follow and abide by the written and unwritten rules of the sport.

Question 10

Stimulants

Answer 10

prohibited drugs that have an effect on the CNS, increasing mental and physical alertness.

Question 11

Narcotic analgesics

Answer 11

prohibited drugs that reduce the feeling of pain.

Question 12

Anabolic steroids

Answer 12

artificially produced hormones that mimic testosterone and are prohibited. They promote muscle and bone growth and reduce recovery time.

Question 13

Peptide hormones

Answer 13

prohibited drugs that stimulate the production of naturally occurring hormones. EPO is a peptide hormone.

Question 14

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 14

a peptide hormone that increases the red blood cell count, and therefore the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.

Question 15

Diuretic drugs

Answer 15

prohibited drugs that remove fluid from the body by increasing rate of urination

Question 16

Blood doping

Answer 16

a prohibited method that involves removing blood a few weeks b4 competition and re-injecting just prior to competition. Increases number of rbcs in bloodstream, increasing blood’s oxygen-carrying capacity.

Question 17

Beta blockers

Answer 17

restricted drugs that steady the nerves by controlling the heart rate. Have a calming and relaxing effect.

Question 18

Home-field advantage

Answer 18

gaining an advantage in a sporting event from being in familiar surroundings, with the majority of spectators supporting you.

Question 19

Hooliganism

Answer 19

the disorderly, aggressive and often violent behaviour by spectators at sporting events.