Socio Cultural Influences Flashcards
what factors influence participation
Friends & Family
Role models
Gender
Ethnicity & religion
disability
Socio-Economic group
Age
School
how do friends and family influence participation
parents can encourage and iscourage participation in sport
if you are surrounded by people who play a particular sport you will be familiar with sport from a young age
you can be influenced by the attitudes of people your own age especially your friends
How does gender influence participation
there is still a gender divide in sports
so there might not be as many femal role models in some sports
less media coverages means less sponsorship available in womens sport - fewer opportunities and less money at a high level
steryotypical views on gender in sport might affect what you decide to take up
gender steryotypes - not feminine to get sweaty or muddy and less manly to not play agresive sports
How does ethnicity and religion influence participation
religous festivals - christians can’t play on sunday because it’s the Sabbath
muslim women have to keep their bodies covered - less likely to participate in swimming
how does disability influence participation
Disabilities can limit the physical activity you do
There are growing opportunities for disabled people - more inclusive, adapting sports, new sports created
more media coverage e.g paralympics - changes peoples attitudes
How does socio-economic (income and where you live) group influence participation
most sports cost money - unaffordable
lots of sports require specialist equipment and clothing - expensive
special facilities are often required - might not be available depending on where you live
if you work at irregular hours or long days it can be harder to join clubs
requires a lot of free time
How does school influence participation
some students find PE embarassing or awkward - put off by it
Allowing students to choose what activities they do means they are more willing
Some students do not enjoy the competitive nature of sports
Having a good PE teacher can inspire people but a bad experience can put you off
School facilities can limit activities
how do role models influence participation
role models are athletes who excel in their sport
They inspire and encourage more people to particpate in that sport
How does age influence participation
mot people aged 16-30 have loads of choice for physical activity
People over 50 are limited in there sports - less streneuos activities
Some sports can damage a young persons body - competitions have a minimum age restriction
Young people have more free time, older people are occupied wiht careers and families
what is commercialisation of sport
managing sport in a way designed ot make profit - mostly through sponsorship and media
sponsorship
the provision of money, equipment, clothing/footwear or facilities to an individual, team or event in return for some financial gain
The Golden Triangle
Spectators
Media
Sponsors
positives of sponsorship
companies can assosiate their name with successful athletes and teams - form of advertising to make money
sponsorship means money is invested in sport - used for development of facilities which benefits players and spectators
players and officials are paid good wages
positives of media
media coverage makes more people aware of the sport
media coverage of elite athletes can create role models who inspire people to play
spectators save money by streaming events online
media analysis of games can educate spectators so they understand the sport better
negatives of media
players can be harassed by the media and their private lives are exposed online
fewer fans buying tickets means loses in ticket sales for the sport and poorer atmosphere in the sadium
the media’s analysis of refereeing decisions puts sports officials under a lot of pressure
why are some sponsors inappropriate
cigarette and tobacco companies aren’t allowed to sponsor sports in the EU - they are unhealthy and harmful
alcoholic drinks/unhealthy foods are allowed to sponsor some sports - gives a false image of health
sport is watched by children it can encourage them to drink or eat unhealthily
negatives of sponsorship
bad behaviour by an athlete reflects badly on the sponsor and could damage the company’s reputation
athletes have to fufil ocntracts by attending events that they might not want to
athletes can get into trouble if they are spotted using another companies products
technology
a method that is developed to try and improve performance
impacts of technology on performers
+ improved performance
+ improved analysis
-latest technology is expensive
-can provide unfair advantage
impact of technology on sports
+ better facilities and security
+ improved performance/entertainment
-technology can be inaccurate/fail
-disrupt flow of play
impact of technology on officials
+help officials make valiad and reliable decisions - reduces pressure
+it has shown that umpires are right most of the time - increase in respect
-players contest the officials decision as everything is reviewed
impact of technology on spectators
+ more viewing options
-High costs of TV subscription packages
-take a long time to review and replay so can be boring for spectators
Impacts of technology on sponsors
+new opportunities for promotion and increased awareness
-High costs of funding new technologies
examples of technology in sports
Hawk-Eye = cricket and tennis - track and predict path of ball
Television match official (TMO) = rugby union - extra official who makes decisions by replaying and watching incidents
Goal-Line technology = football - cameras at each goal to tell whether the ball has crossed the line
