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PE > Socio-Cultural Influences > Flashcards

Socio-Cultural Influences Flashcards

1
Q

Social Groups

A
  • Gender
  • Race/religion/culture
  • Age
  • Family/friends/peers
  • Disability
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2
Q

Factors Affecting Engagement Patterns

A
  • Attitudes
  • Role models
  • Accessibility (to facilities/clubs/activities)
  • Media coverage
  • Sexism/stereotyping
  • Culture/religion/religious festivals
  • Family commitments
  • Available leisure time
  • Familiarity
  • Education
  • Socio-economic factors/disposable income
  • Adaptability/inclusiveness.
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3
Q

Definition of Commercialisation

A

To manage or exploit (an organisation, activity, etc) in a way designed to make a profit.
The specification refers to commercialised activity as being sponsorship and the media only.

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4
Q

Definition of Sponsorship

A

Provision of funds or other forms of support to an individual or event in return for some commercial return.

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5
Q

Definition of Media

A

Diversified technologies which act as the main means of mass communication.

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6
Q

Types of Sponsorship

A
  • Financial
  • Clothing and equipment
  • Facilities
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7
Q

Types of Media

A
  • Television
  • Radio
  • The Press
  • The Internet
  • Social Media
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8
Q

Definition of Etiquette

A

A convention or unwritten rule in an activity. It is not an enforceable rule but it is usually observed.

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9
Q

Definition of Sportsmanship

A

Conforming to the rules, spirit and etiquette of a sport.

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10
Q

Definition of Gamesmanship

A

Attempting to gain an advantage by bending the rules to their limit (but not breaking them).

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11
Q

Definition of Contract to Compete

A

Unwritten agreement to follow and abide by the written and unwritten rules. Unwritten agreement within sports where participants agree to do their best.

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12
Q

Process of Blood Doping

A

Blood doping involves the removal of blood a few weeks prior to competition. The blood is frozen and re-injected just before competition.

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13
Q

Side Effects of Blood Doping

A
  • Thickening of blood (viscosity)
  • Potential infection
  • Potential for heart attack
  • Embolism (blockage of vessel)
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14
Q

Types of PEDs

A
  • Stimulants
  • Narcotic analgesics
  • Anabolic agents
  • Peptide hormones (EPO)
  • Diuretics
  • Beta Blockers
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15
Q

Positives and Negatives of Beta Blockers

A
  • Reduce heart rate, muscle tension and blood pressure
  • Reduce the effects of adrenaline
  • Improve fine control/preciseness.
  1. Nausea
  2. Weakness
  3. Heart problems.
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16
Q

Positives and Negatives of Anabolic Agents

A
  • Muscle growth
  • Speed up recovery time
  1. High blood pressure
  2. Increased risk of heart disease
17
Q

Positives and Negatives of Diuretics

A
  • Reduce the amount of water in the body by producing more urine
  • Mask the presence of other banned substances in the urine
  1. Dehydration
  2. Nausea
  3. Kidney problems
17
Q

Positives and Negatives of Narcotic Analgesics

A
  • Reduce the feeling of pain
  • Allows athletes to compete whilst injured
  1. Low blood pressure
  2. Nausea
18
Q

Positives and Negatives of Peptide Hormones (EPO and HGH)

A
  • Increased production of Red Blood Cells
  • Increases muscle mass
  1. Thickened blood
  2. Increased blood pressure
  3. Strokes
  4. Heart attacks
19
Q

Positives and Negatives of Stimulants

A
  • Increase alertness
  • Reduce fatigue
  1. Irregular heart rate
  2. Disrupt sleep patterns
  3. Diarrhoea
20
Q

Positives and Negatives of taking PEDs

A
  • Increased chances of success
  • Fame
  • Wealth
  • Level playing field
  1. Cheating/immoral
  2. Associated health risks
  3. Fines
  4. Bans
  5. Reputational damage
21
Q

Positives and Negatives of Spectators

A
  • Creation of atmosphere
  • Home-field advantage
  1. Negative effect on performance as a result of increased pressure
  2. Potential for crowd trouble/hooliganism
  3. Safety costs/concerns
  4. Negative effect on participation numbers amongst younger performers
22
Q

Reasons for Hooliganism

A
  • Rivalries
  • Hype
  • Fuelled by alcohol/drugs
  • Gang culture
  • Frustration
  • Display of masculinity
23
Q

Strategies to Reduce Hooliganism

A
  • Early kick-offs
  • All-seater stadia
  • Segregation of fans
  • Improved security
  • Alcohol restrictions
  • Travel restrictions/banning orders
  • Education/promotional activity/campaigns and high profile endorsements

PE (6 decks)

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