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Buddhism > Society > Flashcards

Society Flashcards

1
Q

what school of buddhism is Zen

A

Mahayana

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2
Q

what is the meditation practise of Zen Buddhism

A

Zazen

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3
Q

what is the most difficult bit of Zazen meditation for people to comprehend

A

is sitting with no goals or expectation of ‘getting enlightened’

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4
Q

what is the flower sermon

A

the buddha taught the dharma by holding up a flower, on of his disciples understood the message and smiled. this shows the direct grasp of reality transferred from pastor to pupil

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5
Q

according to Denise Cush what are the main ideas of Zen Buddhists

A
  • Buddha nature is within all beings
  • the truth cannot be put into words rather passed from mind to mind
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6
Q

why is attainment of nirvana different for Zen than Mahayana

A

One believe you can attain enlightenment in the here and now, unlike Mahayana that teaches it is only possible after a lifetime

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7
Q

what do Zen buddhists compare enlightenment to

A

Boredom

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8
Q

why do Zen Buddhist see words as damaging

A

they prevent you from using the dharma, the only real way to see the dharma is though mind to mind transmission.

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9
Q

what are the key features of Rinzai

A

-emphasised teaching methods such as shouting and beating disciples
this was attractive for Chinese warriors

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10
Q

key features of Soto

A

-emphasises a quiet approach with decent moral behaviour, as Rinzai may be a form of showing off

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11
Q

what do Rinzai and Soto have in common

A

they both believe the Dharma is passed mind to mind

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12
Q

what is the most practised buddhism in Japan

A

Pure land Buddhism

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13
Q

what is Pure land based on

A

the hope to reborn in the paradise where Amitbha Buddha lives

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14
Q

why do Pure land buddhist want to be born in Amitbhas paradise

A

so they will be taught by the Amitbha buddha and have improved chances of becoming enlightened. there is no suffering.

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15
Q

why do Pure lands Chant

A

they chant Amibhas name to show appreciation so they will be reborn in the pure lands

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16
Q

why is chanting important to pure lands

A

it does not require extensive temples or arts, as a result the sect has lasted over persecutions

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17
Q

how does chanting develop perfection

A

the recitation of the buddha name is an extension of his passion, allowing generosity

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18
Q

views of Jodo shu

A

teaches that the only hope for people is the Amida vow

19
Q

views of Jodo Shinshu

A

argued that people who earn good merit leads to false self importance, humans are entirely sinful and unable to earn their own salvation

20
Q

what is the comparison of reaching pure lands by Jodo shu and Jodo shinshu

A

for Shu it is the next stepping stone in reaching enlightenmen, whereas for shinshu it is the final goal and is equivalent to nirvana

21
Q

what are the main reasons for the spread of Buddhist to the West

A
  • many buddhists migrated to the USA
  • European officials would collect large amount of Mahayana Manuscripts
22
Q

Known arguments for the popularity of Buddhist ideas on the West

A
  • it keeps up with both science and secular liberalism
  • meditation has a strong appeal
  • Buddhism holds rational ethical principles
23
Q

what are some media stereotypes of buddhists

A
  • all buddhists are vegetarian, the Dalai Lama is.
  • Buddhism can be enhanced through drugs
  • they do not believe in heaven
24
Q

how is the Dalai Lama portrayed by the West

A
  • admirable due to his open mindset, this is attractive as it connects with modern audiences
25
Q

how is the Dalai Lama understood in the east

A

Tibetans are entirely devoted to him, the place faith in him to restore tibet to its former glory

26
Q

examples of Western inculturation

A
  • there is an attitude of cherry picking, such as stripping Buddhism of its ‘superstitious’ teachings
  • Buddhist ideas are applied to secular life such as meditation
27
Q

why does Stephen Batchelor advocate for secular Buddhism

A

the dharma is a way of life rather than a religious belief, all the buddha did was teach the dharma.

28
Q

what evidence there shows that buddhism is secular rather than religious

A

the buddhas first teachings were simple, only after death did Buddhism become and ritualistic and have monastic life

29
Q

what did Paul Knitter argue of dual belonging

A

that it is possible to be part of two different religions

30
Q

What does knit see as similarities between christianity and Buddhism

A
  • taking refuge in the buddha vs the trinity
  • heaven/rebirth
31
Q

how can points from the Dalai Lama support dual belonging

A

he emphasised the idea that there are many points one can learn from other religions, and there are no religions that teach anger or Hate

32
Q

how has dual belonging helped Knitter

A

he can criticise his own language, ideas he did not like in one religion he was able to find in the other.

33
Q

how does Thich Nhat support dual belonging

A

‘I do not think there is that much difference between christianity and buddhism.’

34
Q

what is Enzo in Zen Buddhism

A

is the sacred symbol and represents emptiness and fullness. masters use it for meditation

35
Q

what are Koans

A

Joanna re paradoxical and are riddle like saying hat cannot be solved through logic. e.g. what is the sound of hand clapping

36
Q

what is the use of koans

A

you are not meant to be able to explain koans rather that are to help us understand that we impose words on concepts in reality. especially used in rinzai

37
Q

zazen mediation cannot be used alone to achieve enlightenment

A

Jan suggests that zen monks only use Samatha meditation, not vipassana. this os because it doesn’t give the insight into the dharma. therefore, zazen cannot be used alone.

38
Q

what is the criticism of the flower sermon

A

even if the flower sermon is correct, that doesn’t mean wordless transmission is the only superior method

39
Q

what does Batchelor reject of Buddhism and why

A

he did not believe in karma and rebirth, rather they were a product of the buddhas time to be able to be moral

40
Q

what supports bachelor’s rejection of Kamma and rebirth

A

the deer sermon was simple and did not contain mysticism

41
Q

how does Brahmali critic Batchelor

A

he argues that the buddhas teachings in the Nikayas taught rebirth and buddhism is defined as what the Buddha taught. so Batchelore cannot be a buddhist

42
Q

what defends Batchelor when it comes to Brahmali

A

many ideas in the nikaya are now rejected. many things band in the nikayas are now central to a training enlightenment in different forms of buddhism

43
Q

how can secular buddhism be upaya

A

the buddhist teachings re meant to be adapted

44
Q

how is dual belonging an issue for buddhist teachings and how does Knitter get past this

A

belief in God can be an issue of ideas such as Annica and anatto. however, for Knitter God is an experience.

Buddhism (9 decks)

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