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socialization (textbook) Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Freud and self-image

A

infants begin forming self-image when demands are not immediately met
- through lessons of self control, children learn to behave appropriately and develop sense of right and wrong.
- personal conscience containing cultural standards forms
- psychological mechanism develops, balancing pleasure-seeking and restraining components of self

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2
Q

mead’s argument of the self

A

subjective and impulsive aspect of the self is present from birth - social interaction leads to emergence of culturally approved standards

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3
Q

the “i” and “me”

A

impulsive aspect of the self - the i
social component of the self - the me

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4
Q

freud’s view of impulsive side

A

denying the impulsive side of self leads to crystalization of the self’s objective side

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5
Q

mead’s view of the “me”

A

our unique human capacity to “take the role of the other” is the basis of the “me”

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6
Q

crystalization of the self

A

shaped by the unique history we live

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7
Q

rites of passage

A
  • signify transitions from one life stage to another (baptism, graduation)
  • some established by law (drinking age, driver’s license)
  • not all cultures attach the same significance to them
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8
Q

social necessity and responsibility

A
  • determined where/when the idea of childhood emerged
  • idea of condensed childhood disappeared when average life span increased
  • made it possible to better train and prepare youth for adult life
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9
Q

effect of the great depression on children/adolescents

A

clarified gap between childhood & adolescence
- teens had to leave school to work - but elementary children were regarded too unskilled to be worth it to leave school

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10
Q

path to adulthood in wealthier/more complex societies

A

is longer

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11
Q

age cohort

A

category of people born in the same range of years

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12
Q

age roles

A

behaviors expected in different age cohorts
- form important part of self and others
- some by law - legal smoking/drinking age

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13
Q

generation

A
  • members of age cohort who have unique and formative experiences during youth as well as collective identity and shared values
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14
Q

when are generations most likely to form

A

in times of rapid social change

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15
Q

not all cohorts can become a generation

A

t

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16
Q

greatest generation

A
  • 1929-45
  • hardwork, thriftiness, conformity
  • shaped by WW2 - didn’t experience combat
  • threatened by change
17
Q

baby boomers

A
  • baby boom after WW2 - until mid 1960s
  • cultural revolution - opposed war
  • competitive, independent, innovative
  • “out of touch”
18
Q

generation x

A
  • 1966-1981
  • first interactive gaming console - Ataris
  • grew up in time of rising divorce rates
  • skeptical, individualistic, conservative with money
19
Q

millennials

A
  • first to come of age in 21st century
  • lazy, overconfident,
  • record high attendance in post secondary
  • great recession broke career goals
  • largest segment in workforce today
  • open minded
20
Q

gen z

A

1995-2010
- online shopping
- growing up slowly - missing milestones that mark passage to adulthood
- fewer youth dating
- social media
- rise of anxiety/depression

21
Q

adaptation in socialization

A

arranging actions to maximize degree to which environment satisfies our needs & interests

22
Q

family and adaptation

A

abusive family - adaptive strategies that children learn and who they become are different than a supportive family

23
Q

socialization as evolutionary process

A
  • in any environment - person acts on basis of existing personal characteristics and interests
  • environment responds –> by either reinforcing existing patterns (cooperation) or encouraging change (resistance)
24
Q

hidden curriculum

A

teaches students to be good citizens after graduation
- conformist behaviors
- students believe they’re judged on performance alone

25
Q

Thomas’s theorem on symbolic interactionism and self-fulfilling prophecy

A

situations we define as real become real in their consequences

26
Q

self-fulfilling prophecy

A
  • expectation that helps cause what it predicts
  • if teacher expectations are high, students achive more
  • if teachers believe children from underprivileged backgrounds will do poorly - then children do poorly
27
Q

leading socialization agent from middle school to adolescence

A

peer groups

28
Q

in the long run, families have more influence than peer groups on educational ambitions, political/social/religious beliefs than peer groups

A

t

29
Q

mass media and feminist approach to socialization

A
  • message of male superiority
  • assignment of intelligence to men in movies
30
Q

resocialization

A

when powerful social agents intentionally cause rapid change in people’s values, roles and self-conception

31
Q

initiation rites

A

mark individual transition to group
- abandoned self-perception - take on new identity

32
Q

3 steps to initiation rites

A
  • separates from old status (ritual rejection)
  • experience degradation, disorientation, stress (ritual death)
  • accepts group culture and status (ritual rebirth)
33
Q

total institutions

A

isolated, under strict control
- prison, asylum

34
Q

where does resocialization happen without initiation rites

A

total institutions

35
Q

anticipatory socialization

A
  • flexible self, taking on behaviors of roles we wish to acquire
36
Q

globalization and the flexible self

A

people change now more and faster than ever

37
Q

change of body and self-conception

A

body building, weight reduction, plastic surgery, sex reassignment,

38
Q

flexible self and the internet

A

social media affects how people think of themselves - implies that the self is increasingly flexible

sociology (9 decks)

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