Socialization and Norms

Question 1

What is life course perspective

Answer 1

focuses on the sequence of socially defined events and roles that the individual enacts over times, this draws attention to diversity

Question 2

what is a nuclear family

Answer 2

heterosexual couple with children

Question 3

define family of orientation

Answer 3

The family into which one is born and raised

Question 4

define family of procreation

Answer 4

the family that one forms through domestic partnerships and the birth or adoption of children

Question 5

what are fictive kin

Answer 5

people in our lives that we consider and relate to as family although they are not related to us

Question 6

what is primary socialization

Answer 6

socialization that occurs during childhood

Question 7

what is secondary socialization

Answer 7

socialization that occurs when a person who has already been socialized by their family is socialized into new contexts and roles

Question 8

define emotional socialization

Answer 8

• early childhood parents assist in developing child’s emotional competence
• crucial for engaging with others in a meaningful and socially acceptable manner

Question 9

define gender socialization

Answer 9

• shaping their constructions and performances of gender roles
• social expectations assigned to people based on their gender identities

Question 10

define racial/ethnic socialization

Answer 10

understanding their children’s race and ethnicity, transmitting and learning what it means to belong to an ethnic group

Question 11

define religious socialization

Answer 11

exposing children to religious people, institution and messages that can have lasting effects

Question 12

define financial and work socialization

Answer 12

• families re economic units and sustain themselves by acquiring resources like food clothing and housing
• how money is used

Question 13

define anticipatory socialization

Answer 13

occurs prior to taking an anticipated social role

Question 14

define resocialization

Answer 14

experiencing the sudden onset

Question 15

what are total institutions

Answer 15

bounded social setting apart from the outside world

Question 16

define the term “looking glass self”

Answer 16

Cooley’s concept referring to how individuals develop self concept by observing how others perceive them

Question 17

define ossification

Answer 17

a process whereby roles, over time, harden into parts of our self concept

Question 18

define the term “boomerang”

Answer 18

returning to the parental home after living independently

Question 19

define the term plastic sexuality

Answer 19

the rise of choice in our erotic and sexual expression

Question 20

define “thin market”

Answer 20

situation of those social locations leave them with a few potential partners such as individuals in later life

Question 21

what is stigma

Answer 21

shame associated with a social role or characteristic

Question 22

what does Durkheim define social facts as

Answer 22

ways of acting, thinking, and feeling, external to the individual, and endowed with a power of coercion, by reason of which they control him

Question 23

what are social norms

Answer 23

expectations of conduct in particular situations

Question 24

what is a proscripted norm

Answer 24

tell people what they shouldn’t do

Question 25

what is a prescripted norm

Answer 25

tells you what you ought to do

Question 26

define a social role

Answer 26

a collection of norms that together convey expectations about appropriate conduct for persons in a particular position, often feel pressured to act different ways depending on what group you are with

Question 27

what was happened in Theodore Caplow’s study of ‘Middletown’ America

Answer 27

• The gift selection rule: a gift should demonstrate familiarity with the receivers preferences, surprise the receiver, and should be priced in accordance with the emotional value of the relationship
• The Reciprocity rule: every year people should give and least one Christmas gift
• the scaling rule: the most money should be spent on a gift for your spouse than on children, if they have several children the should value children equally

Question 28

what is informal societal integration

Answer 28

regulation of peoples behaviour in day to day life

Question 29

what is formal societal integration

Answer 29

regulation of peoples behaviour through laws and police officers

Question 30

what are the 5 strategies of control

Answer 30

1. persuasion
2. guilt
3. shame
4. gossip
5. ostracism

Question 31

What are the two steps in the process of becoming a member of society

Answer 31

1. we enter and disengage from a succession of roles

2. we become aware of ourselves as we interact with others

Question 32

what did George Herbert Mead say about primary socialization

Answer 32

argued that children acquire the capacity of role taking through their primary socialization

Question 33

what is the preparatory stage

Answer 33

Imitation or role taking, learning that your a self that others react to
- up to age 3

Question 34

what is the play stage

Answer 34

Anticipatory socialization involves taking on the norms an behaviours of the role to which we aspire
- ages 3-5

Question 35

what is the game stage

Answer 35

beginning to look at yourself through the eyes of a group/team, gradually develop advanced role
- early school years