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EC-6 Cert > Social Studies - Geography > Flashcards

Social Studies - Geography Flashcards

1
Q

5 themes of geography

A
  • location
  • place
  • region
  • human - environment interaction
  • movement
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2
Q
  • can be absolute or relative
A

location

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3
Q

describes the place in reference to others

A

relative location

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4
Q

describes where a place is situated without reference to other places (done primarily through a grid system)

A

absolute location

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5
Q
  • includes the study of place

- small units of earth’s surface- composed of multiple places - that have more similarities than differences

A

Regions

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6
Q

Three types of regions

A
  • physical
  • functional
  • cultural
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7
Q

share similar physical features

A

physical regions

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8
Q

serve as a central location for a service

A

functional regions

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9
Q

identified by shared human characteristics such as language, religion, tradition, and economy

A

Cultural regions

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10
Q

regions do not have firm borders, instead they have ______ ____ which exhibit characteristics similar to multiple regions around it

A

transition zones

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11
Q

physical processes that shape the patterns of the earth’s surface are the results of two actions or forces

A

internal and external forces

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12
Q

shape the earth’s surface through the constant movements of plates (plate tectonics)

A

internal forces

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13
Q

cause major changes on or above the surface of the earth; include erosion from wind and chemical weathering; severe weather and pollution

A

external forces

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14
Q

every 3-6 years, the surface temperature of the Pacific Ocean near the equator becomes warmer than normal which changes weather patterns around the world

A

El Nino

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15
Q

strong warm current in the Atlantic Ocean which accelerates as it tracels up the East Coast of North America, and shoots out into the open ocean towards Europe ; effects weather on East coast of US , canada, and western and northern europe

A

Gulf Stream

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16
Q
  • Built between 1817 and 1825
  • cuts across New York State, creating a navigable water route from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean
  • quickly became a central trade route in US
A

Erie Canal

17
Q
  • Cuts across Isthmus of Panama
  • connects the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
  • finished in 1914 and greatly decreased the time it took to cross between two oceans as boats no longer had to travel all the way around the tip of south America
A

Panama Canal

18
Q
  • Completed in 1869 in Egypt
  • Connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea
  • ships not longer had to sail around Africa to travel between Europe and South Asia
A

Suez Canal

19
Q

average weather for a given place or location, temperature and precipitation are the two defining characteristics

A

climate

20
Q

distance above sea level, increases, the atmosphere becomes less dense, resulting in greater heat loss

A

elevation

21
Q

as wind is forced up and over high mountains, it loses the ability to hold moisture. precipitation falls on the windward side, leaving a dry air mass in the descending winds, therefore, desert like conditions exist on the lee side of the mountain

A

orographic lift or rain shadow effect

22
Q

intense sun and rain everyday, high humidity, temp is always high but rarely exceeds 90

A

Tropical Rainforest

23
Q

Receives rain seasonally with little to non in the winter and up to 30 in in the summer, temp does not exceed 990 in the summer or 80 in the winter

A

Savannah

24
Q

Receives less than 10 in of rain in a year, temp are extreme with intense heat during the day and intense cold at night ; small pockets of vegetation called an oasis

A

desert

25
Q

found in the middle latitudes in land along the western coast of a continent; summers are hot and dry, while winters are mild and wet

A

mediterranean

26
Q

found in the middle latitudes along the southeastern coast of continents; summers are long and wet and winters are short and dry; supports to biggest percentage of people

A

humid subtropical

27
Q

also found in the middle latitudes in areas near or surrounded by water; weather is termperate year round ; winter temp stays above freezing summer temp rarely above 70

A

Marine

28
Q

Another middle latitude climate, generally found inland, this climate is the truest four‐season climate. Precipitation happens year‐round, with winters ranging from cold to extremely cold, and summers from hot to extremely hot based on distances from the ocean.

A

Humid Continental

29
Q

Stretches of land in the middle latitudes that are far from the ocean. Steppes typically have rainfall of 10‐20 inches a year, and tend to have extreme seasons.

A

Steppes

30
Q

Found in the high latitudes, it is distant from the ocean and thus has extreme cold temperatures. It has a short growing season and is home to the world’s largest forestlands.

A

Taiga

31
Q

The area immediately surrounding the poles; it has very long, cold winters and short summers. It has relatively low participation and supports no human life

A

Tundra

32
Q
  • Appalachian Mountains
  • Mississippi River
  • Rocky Mountains
A

significant physical features of North America

33
Q
  • Andes Mountains

- Amazon River

A

significant physical features of South America

34
Q

-Alps (tallest mountain range in Europe)

A

significant physical features of Europe

35
Q
  • Himalaya Mountains: tallest mountain range in world
  • Gobi Desert
  • Fertile Crescent
  • Strait of Hormuz
A

significant physical features of Asia

36
Q

-Sahara Desert

A

significant physical features of Africa

37
Q

Four reasons for human migration

A
  • suitable water or food source
  • militaristic advantage/protection from elements
  • freedom from persecution
  • searching for a better socio-economic status

EC-6 Cert (16 decks)

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