Social Studies Finals Flashcards
1
Q
The first European explorers came to Brazil from___?
A
Portugal
2
Q
Scientist hope to use the rare plants of Amazonia to develop new _____?
A
medicines
3
Q
True or False: The Jesuit missionaries of Salvador de Bahia enslaved the native population.
A
False
4
Q
Brasilia, located in the Highlands region of Brazil, is well known for its ___ architecture.
A
futuristic
5
Q
What natural resource would Brazil need to import from other countries?
A
oil
6
Q
Iguacu Falls helps Brazil’s economy by ____.
A
attracting tourist
7
Q
Bolivia’s Altiplano region is known _____.
A
to be heavily populated
8
Q
True or False: Hydrofoils have replaced reed boats as the main carriers of cargo and passengers on Lake Titicaca.
A
True
9
Q
What has changed from a symbol of oppression into a Bolivian symbol of cultural pride?
A
The bowler hat
10
Q
The least-populated area of Bolivia is ____.
A
the Highland Valley
11
Q
What extreme type of action has tried to stop the democratic government of Bolivia?
A
military coups
12
Q
What is buried in the cornerstones of most buildings in Bolivia to bring good luck?
A
a dried llama fetus
13
Q
What major Bolivian export took the place of silver in the early 1800s?
A
Tin
14
Q
What makes the highland valleys of Sucre and Cochabamba ideal places to live in Bolivia?
A
The Climate
15
Q
Some people believe that Tiahuanaco may be the _____ city in the world.
A
Oldest
16
Q
Chile is South America’s _____ Country.
A
Longest
17
Q
What has provided upward mobility for many middle-class and some lower-class Chilean citizens?
A
Secondary education
18
Q
How did Augusto Pinochet become the leader of Chile?
A
through a military coup
19
Q
True or False: Through Chile grows many of its own vegetables, some must be imported from other countries.
A
False
20
Q
Empanadas are Chile’s version of _____.
A
Fast food
21
Q
What does the long coastline allow Chile to be?
A
One of the top ten fishing regions
22
Q
Why is Puerto Montt so important for travel to the far southern region?
A
It is impossible to travel the route by land
23
Q
Why have so many Germans immigrated to the Lake District of Chile?
A
The region has many similarities to their homeland
24
Q
Through Paraguay and Uruguay are different in many ways, they have similar ____.
A
Landscapes
25
"Gaucho" is another word for _____.
Cowboy
26
Why did the Jesuit priests organize the Guarani Indians into townships?
to protect them from slave traders
27
Why is nearly 95 percent of the population of Paraguay mestizo?
Spanish settlers were encouraged to take Indian wives
28
The Itaipu Dam will make Paraguay the world's leading exporter of ______.
Electricity
29
What is the biggest reason Paraguay is one of South America's least industrialized nations?
Lack of good transportation
30
Unlike most other Latin American nations, only 66 percent of the people of Uruguay claim to be ____.
Roman Catholics
31
The permanence of institutions in Uruguay is demonstrated by _____.
Having the longest tradition of democratic government in South America
32
True or False: The main base of Uruguay's economy comes from tourism.
False
33
Both Paraguay and Uruguay share a similar economic problem. What is it?
Their Small Size
34
_____ is South America's largest counrty.
Brazil
35
_____ is South America's largest city and is the third-largest city in the world.
Sao Paulo
36
_____ has the world's largest deposit of platinum and supplies 90% of the world's emeralds.
Colombia
37
The ____ are 600 miles west of Ecuador and are located directly on the Equator.
Galapagos Islands
38
True or False: The capital and largest city of Uruguay is Asuncion.
False
39
True or False: About 80% of Colombia's export income is from flowers.
False
40
True or False: The Andes Mountains contain many valuable minerals, including copper, gold, iron ore, silver, and zinc.
True
41
True of False: Galapagos is the Spanish word for tortoise.
True
42
Brazil borders all but two South American Countries, ____ and ____.
Chile, Equador
43
The southern part of Argentina is a high plain named ____.
Patagonia
44
____ is the name given to a large part of the population who are descendants from the Native Americans, the Spanish, and the Portuguese.
Mestizo
45
The ____ is used for transportation, hauling heavy loads, wool and meat.
Llama
46
The capital of the Inca Empire was called ____.
Cuzco
47
South America is made up of ____ countries and ____ dependencies.
12, 2
48
True or False: The South American countries continued to be colonies of European nations until they achieved independence beginning in the early 1800s
True
49
True or False: Portuguese is the official language of most of South America.
False
50
True or False: Over 5,000 species of birds live in South America.
False
51
True or False: The Incas developed terrace farming and a large system of roads.
True
52
Over 90% of the population of South America follow the ____ ____ religion.
Roman Catholic
53
____ ____ led the Spanish invaders against the Incas.
Francisco Pizarro
54
The ____ ____ is the largest and second longest river in the world.
Amazon River
55
The ____ nearly bisects the continent of South America.
Tropic of Capricorn
56
____ is the world's highest navigable lake at an altitude of 12,500 feet.
Titicaca
57
The South American region near the equator has a ____ climate.
Tropical
58
True or False: South America is connected to Central and North America at the Isthmus of Panama.
True
59
True or False: The majority of the continent of South America has an Highland climate.
False
60
True or False: The Andes make up the world's longest mountain range.
True
61
True or False: South America is known for its vast rain area, especially along the Andes Mountains.
False
62
The world's highest waterfall is ____ ____ in ____.
Angel Falls, Venezuela
63
In some parts of South America's ____ ____, no rainfall has ever been recorded.
Atacama Desert
64
The ____ armies brought the Black Death to China and then to the rich Italian trading city of Caffa, located on the Black Sea.
Mongol
65
The ____ was also known as the Black Death.
Bubonic Plauge
66
Using ____, the Mongols threw dead plague victims over the city walls of Caffa.
Catapults
67
A small group of Italian sailors escaped Caffa and sailed back to ____ taking the bubonic plague with them.
Genoa
68
True or False: The Bubonic plague had two forms, one infecting the victim's blood and the other infecting the victim's lungs.
True
69
True or False: Many records suggest that the Black Death killed about one-third of Europe's population in the 1300s.
True
70
True or False: The Black Death spread quickly and easily throughout Europe and Asia because of the fleas from infected dogs.
False
71
Before the plague, Europe was still a ____ society and as the labor force began to shrink, it began to fall apart.
Feudal
72
Some people believed that the plague was a punishment from ____.
God
73
The Black Death affected the ____, ____, and ____ systems of Europe.
Social, Political, Economic
74
Why does the sun rise and set at six o' clock every day, 365 days a year?
Because it is on the equator
75
True or False: Petroleum makes up the bulk of Ecuador's production an income.
False
76
The southern part of the ____ region of Ecuador is arid desert.
Costa
77
What is slowly forcing the Indians of Ecuador from their native lands?
Modern Civilization
78
What is the official language of Ecuador?
Spanish
79
What feature makes it easy to figure out which tribe an Otovalo Indian belongs?
Their Hats
80
Half of Ecuador's population is employed in ____.
Agricultural Work
81
How did Ecuador solve its transportation problem between the Sierra ant the Costa?
It built a railroad
82
The Galapagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to formulate his theory of ____.
Evolution
83
Peru is located in which region of South America?
The western region
84
The wooden balconies of Lima's colonial buildings, several centuries old, have not rotted away. What is the reason?
The dry coastal climate
85
True or False: The Incas built terraces on steep slopes to make it easier to grow crops.
True
86
Peru's transportation system is limited by its ____.
Geography
87
What makes Iquitos a unique city in Peru?
It can be reached only by air or water
88
The Jivaro tribes were popularized in Hollywood movies for their ____.
Poison blowguns
89
Lake Titicaca is the ____ navigable lake in the world.
highest
90
In the 1920s, Peru gained a freedom that the United States has always enjoyed. Which freedom is it?
Freedom of religion
91
Which fabled "lost city" was the center of Incan religion?
Machu Picchu
92
In the 500s, the Byzantine Empire was Christian and controlled the Holy Land. However, in the 600s, ____ conquered this land.
Muslim Arabs
93
The ____ began in 1095, after the Byzantine emperor asked Pope Urban II for help fighting against the Turks and capturing the Holy Land from the Muslims.
Crusades
94
In 1099, an army made up of mostly French and Norman knights attacked ____, an important city in the Holy Land and captured the city.
Jerusalem
95
From 1337 to 1453, the Hundred Years' War raged between the French and English, who were fighting over control of ____.
France
96
True or False: In 1071, a new group of rulers, the Seljuk Turks, took over the Holy Land and began to limit Christian use of religions sites.
True
97
True or False: In 1144, Muslim Turks captured three of the Christians states and threatened the other one. This action started the Second Crusade.
False
98
True or False: During the Hundred Years' War, the French won most of the battles.
False
99
Richard III of England, Philip II of France, and Fredrick I of Germany tried the defend the cities of Tyre, Tripoli, and Antioch and they also wanted to recapture Jerusalem. So, they started the ____ ____.
Third Crusade
100
After a failed Fourth Crusade, strengthened by their belief in God, thousands of ____ traveled to the Holy Land in 1212 in an event called the ____ ____.
Poor Children, Children's Crusade
101
The ____ used advanced weapons, such as the cannon and by 1453 won the Hundred Years' War.
French
102
During the Early Middle Ages, two tribes controlled the kingdom of England. They were the ____.
Angles and the Saxons
103
____ is remembered as a wise and fair ruler because he reorganized the government, wanted to stop corruption, clearly explained the duties of royal officials, set strict penalties for counterfeiting, and outlawed duels.
Louis IX
104
In 1469, Prince Ferdinand and Princess Isabella married and united the kingdoms of ____.
Aragon and Castile
105
In 1547, ____ was the grand Prince of Moscow and became the first to rule all of Russia.
Ivan IV
106
True or False: William of Normandy and his Norman knights killed King Harold and defeated his forces at the Battle of Hastings in 1066.
True
107
True or False: In the early 800s, Charlemange was the king of the Franks, a group of people who lived in the region that is now Spain and were ancestors of the Spanish people.
False
108
True or False: The troops of Ferdinand and Isabella defeated the Muslims in Granada and Navarre which ended Muslim control in Spain
True
109
In the 800s, ____ defeated Danish invaders and united the regions of England into one Anglo-Saxon country.
King Alfred
110
King John made laws and decrees that angered the nobles because they believed the laws were unfair. In 1215, a group of barons and church officials forced King John to agree to a written document in which he gave up some royal power called the ____.
Magna Carta
111
The Spanish Inquisition took place in many Christian countries, including ____, ____, and ____.
France, Germany, Italy
112
The Middle Ages in Europe lasted from about ____.
500AD to 1500AD
113
The term Middle Ages comes from ____, which is Latin for "middle" and "age".
Medieval
114
During the 800s, the ruler ____ managed to reunite many small new kingdoms into an empire.
Charlemange
115
Soon after Charlemange died in 814, a political and military system called ____ developed
feudialism
116
True or False: Knights were professional soldiers who were loyal to their lord.
True
117
True or False: A peasant was the ruler of a kingdom.
False
118
True or False: In the manorialism system, at the center of each fief was the lord's home, called a plantation.
False
119
A ____ was a person who was allowed to have a house and a plot of land in return for rent paid to their lord.
Serf
120
During the High Middle Ages (1000-1300), the economy of Europe began to grow stronger and a ____ class began to arise.
Merchant
121
During the Late Middle Ages, the four powerful kingdoms which developed into nation-states were ____, ____, ____, and ____.
England, France, Spain, Russia
122
Paul and the others who traveled and gained ____ were called missionaries.
Converts
123
In Egypt during the 300s, ____ started Christian monasticism in the Egyptian desert.
Saint Anthony
124
The Emperor Constantine's mother, ____, was a Christian.
Helena
125
Christianity was the official religion of Rome by ____.
391
126
True or False: Paul, one of the Apostles, is credited with establishing Christianity in Rome.
False
127
True or False: Christians refused to recognize the emperor as a god which caused Romans to accuse Christians of being disloyal to the emperor.
True
128
True or False: By 1054, the Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church became united.
False
129
Paul, a Jew from ____, who was not one of the 12 Apostles, became a Christian after Jesus appeared to him in a vision.
Asia Minor
130
Constantine issued the ____, the law that ended persecution of Christians within Rome.
Edict of Milan
131
____ were communities where monks studied and prayed in an effort to dedicate their lives to God.
Monas Teries
132
When Christianity began to develop as a religion, the ____ was the strongest power in the Western world.
Roman Empire
133
In 63 BCE, Pompey the Great captured ____ and brought what is modern-day Israel under Roman control.
Jerusalem
134
The title "Christ" is based on the Greek word Christos which means "____".
Messiah
135
Many of Jesus's lessons were delivered through the telling of stories called ____.
Parables
136
True or False: A martyr is someone who suffers death rather than giving up his or her beliefs.
True
137
True or False: Judea was populated mostly by the Hebrew people.
True
138
True or False: Jesus was betrayed bu one of his disciples, a man named James.
False
139
The Romans appointed ____ as king of Judea in 39 BCE.
Herod the Great
140
Jesus was born around the year 1 AD in ____, a city in Judea.
Bethlehem
141
Jesus, who was Jewish, was baptized by a prophet known as ____.
John the Baptist
