Social Science Flashcards
This man was the candidate for
the Democratic-Republican Party
in the second presidential
election.
Thomas Jefferson
This French commander helped Washington lead a Franco-American army during the Battle
of Yorktown.
Rochambeau
A guard of this number of British
soldiers appeared on Lexington
Common on April 19, 1775.
240
Algonquian peoples lived
alongside these three bodies of
water.
the Atlantic Coast, the St.
Lawrence River, and the Great
Lakes
This man built the first textile mill
in America.
Samuel Slater
Saint-Domingue was a colony of
this European country.
France
After the Royal Proclamation of 1763, only these individuals could purchase Native American lands.
royal officials
Federalists thought that this trend posed the greatest threat to the United States.
excesses of democracy
American Loyalists drafted this document to emphasize their subservience to Britain.
“A Declaration of Dependence”
Historians estimate that this number of Native Americans fought for the British during the
Revolutionary War.
13,000
This treaty established a “conditional and defensive” alliance between the Americans
and the French.
Treaty of Alliance
The first enslaved Africans in America arrived in this city.
Port Comfort, Virginia
In 1810, this number of African Americans were enslaved in the northern states.
thirty thousand
White slavers illegally imported African enslaved peoples from these two regions.
Spanish Florida and Mexico
Many Caribbean sugar plantation
workers came from this region.
Africa
Free African Americans faced discrimination from white workers for these two reasons
fear of job competition and
social integration
This man led the militia that shut down Shays’ Rebellion.
Benjamin Lincoln
Thomas Jefferson won this many votes in the 1786 presidential election.
sixty-eight
The Northwest Ordinance prohibited this system in the Northwest Territory.
slavery
This British ruler issued the Declaration of Independence.
Frederick, Lord North
The Stamp Act taxed these printed materials.
legal documents, magazines,
playing cards, newspapers,
contracts
This Revolutionary War
participant controlled the Mississippi Valley in 1779.
Spain
British troops killed this number of French soldiers at the Battle of Jumonville Glen.
ten
The Jay Treaty resolved these types of issues between Britain and America.
territorial issues from the Treaty
of Paris
The Albany Congress spanned
these dates.
June 19 to July 11, 1754
This number of British and Hessian troops surrendered on October 17, 1777, during the Battle of Saratoga.
6,222
This French military officer joined Washington’s army in the summer of 1777.
Marquis de Lafayette
This member of parliament disparaged “virtual representation” as “the most contemptible idea that ever entered the head of a man.”
William Pitt
Patriots and colonial leaders met
here for the First Continental
Congress.
Carpenter’s Hall in Philadelphia
This number of militiamen from
Concord intimidated the British
and forced them to retreat.
400
The land claims of this state became a contentious issue in the passage of the Articles of Confederation.
Virginia
The three group of crimes against George III describes these abuses.
violence and cruelty in fighting
against American subjects
The Albany Congress sought to
make a treaty with this Native
American organization.
the Iroquois Confederacy
This Patriot official served as the
spies’ contact within the Culper
Spy Ring.
Benjamin Tallmadge
Boston King and other formerly
enslaved people settled in these
two regions following evacuation
from the United States.
Nova Scotia and Sierra Leone
William Pitt served this government role when he took control of military operations in the Seven Years’ War.
Prime Minister
Jefferson pursued these three
presidential policies.
dismantling taxes, reducing
army and navy, paying off
government debt
This amendment protects the
right to bear arms.
the Second Amendment
This number of freed African
Americans lived in the North in
the 1770s.
a few hundred
Johnson served in this role,
which dealt with Native American
relations with Britain.
Superintendent of Indian Affairs
Native American tribes used
European glass beads and
copper ornaments for these
purposes.
religious ceremonies
Under the law of coverture,
women did not have rights to
these materials goods.
property or earnings
This Maine boarding school
educated women in reading,
writing, arithmetic, grammar,
composition, and geography.
Mrs. Remington’s Young Ladies
Boarding School
This man led the Friends of
Liberty.
Thomas Jefferson
This number of Democratic-
Republican newspaper editors
were arrested under the Sedition
Act.
twenty
Coastal Native American groups
originally welcomed English
settlers for this reason.
possibility of trade
Henry Knox and his men moved
this number of tons of cannons
and supplies during the Knox
Expedition.
60
New Jersey’s voting laws
allowed these two marginalized
groups the ability to vote.
women and African Americans
American defenders of this fort managed to withstand one of the final sieges by British, Loyalist, and Native forces in September of 1782.
Fort Henry
New Jersey gave voting rights to
all people who had resided in the
state for this duration of time.
twelve months
These two states were the last to
ratify the constitution.
North Carolina and Rhode
Island
This man was Alexander
Hamilton’s father-in-law and
would profit from federal
assumption of state debt.
Philip Schuyler
This number of American
soldiers were killed during St.
Clair’s Defeat.
six hundred and twenty-three
These five men made up the
Committee of Five.
John Adams, Thomas Jefferson,
Benjamin Franklin, Roger
Sherman, and Robert Livingston
This number of French soldiers
joined General Benjamin Lincoln
and his men to take back
Savannah.
4,000
These two states voted heavily in
favor to approve the Constitution
in their state conventions.
Pennsylvania and Connecticut
Mary Loker and Jane Goodenow
voted in this city to determine
access to livestock grazing.
Sudbury, Massachusetts
The free African American
population in Georgia and South
Carolina increased by this factor
between 1790 and 1810.
three
This Algonquian tribe fought
against colonizers in Virginia.
the Powhatan
This political body was the
provisional government of
Massachusetts following the
Intolerable Acts.
Massachusetts Provincial
Congress
The colonies rejected Benjamin
Franklin’s Albany Plan because
they wanted to project this type
of government.
colonial independent charters
Virginia issued this document to
argue that the Stamp Act was
unlawful.
the Stamp Act Resolves
Shays’ Rebellion and conflicts on
the western frontier made
American leaders advocate for
this policy change.
increased federal authority
General Gage secretly planned
to attack Patriot leaders and
supplies in these two colonial
towns.
Lexington and Concord
Territories that reached this
number of inhabitants could be
admitted to the United States as
new states.
sixty thousand
The Declaration of Rights ended
the rule of this British monarch.
James II
These two informants were
sisters of the Culper Spy Ring’s
leaders.
Sally Townsend and Mary
Underhill
Before the French Revolution,
France had this style of
government.
absolute monarchy
This state marked the western
boundary of enslaved labor in
1790.
Georgia
This state marked the western
boundary of enslaved labor in
1830.
Louisiana
Benedict Arnold became
disaffected with the Patriot cause
when he lost business in this
colony.
Connecticut
British forts near these two
locations suffered attack in
Pontiac’s War.
Fort Pitt and Fort Niagara
British allies in this nation fought
with France in continental
Europe.
Germany
Some states allowed the children
of enslaved people to be freed
on this birthday.
their twenty-fifth birthday
The cotton gin provided this
major advantage in the
cultivation of cotton.
separate cotton fibers from
seeds, remove cotton lint
A French mob attacked this
building during the early days of
French Revolution.
the Bastille prison
American revolutionaries held
this attitude towards the French
and Haitian revolutions.
thought they were too radical
and violent
Antifederalists supported this
style of government.
strong state government
States issued this form of
currency to address the shortage
of hard currency.
paper money
The Spanish authorized
American ships to enter this
previously blocked port.
Port of Havana
Washington’s farewell address
was delivered in this location.
Congress Hall in Philadelphia
Metacomet belonged to this
Algonquian tribe.
the Wampanoags
Crispus Attucks was killed in this
Revolutionary War event.
Boston Massacre
The Articles of Confederation did
not include these two branches
of government.
executive and judiciary
Following the retreat from the
North Bridge, the British
marched back to this colonial
city.
Boston
Sugar production relied on the
labor of enslaved Africans for
this reason.
labor-intensive production
This French admiral was also
known as Comte de Grasse.
François Joseph Paul
Between French and British
colonial holdings, this European
country’s colonial population
outweighed the other.
Britain
Great Britain’s colonies in North
America occupied this region.
the eastern seaboard
This nation built a chain of forts along the Allegheny River to protect its land and trading relations in the Ohio River Valley.
France
This movement was the first
major armed rebellion after the
formation of the United States.
Shays’ Rebellion
During this event, a snowball
fight between Boston residents
and British troops escalated into
armed conflict.
the “Bloody Massacre”
The British captured this number
of prisoners of war following the
Siege of Charleston.
5,000
These three documents
influenced Thomas Jefferson’s
draft of the Declaration of
Independence.
the preamble to the Virginia
constitution, the Virginia
Declaration of Rights, Locke’s
Declaration of Rights
George Washington instructed
this military leader to subdue the
Western Confederacy.
Major General Anthony Wayne
American bargainers used these
tools to steal land from Native
Americans.
liquor, bribes, threats
In a letter to his wife, John
Adams equated Independence
Day with this other day.
the Day of Deliverance
The British continued their march
to this town following the Battle
of Lexington.
Concord
The Tea Act allowed the British
East India Company to charge a
tea tax of this amount.
three pence
This region was known for its
tobacco production in the United
States.
the Chesapeake region
The Sons of Liberty threw this
number of tea chests into the
Boston Harbor during the Boston
Tea Party.
three hundred and forty-two
This American organization
rejected General Howe’s
peaceful attempts to
compromise.
Congress
These three main groups of
people made up colonial
American society.
European settlers, Native
Americans, and enslaved
Africans
James Madison wrote this
number of the Federalist Papers.
twenty-nine
This parliamentary act allowed
governors to house British
soldiers in unoccupied buildings.
the Quartering Act
This organization prepared a
formal declaration of American
independence.
the Committee of Five
This parliamentary act allowed British governors to move trials of British officials and troops outside of America to ensure a fair trial.
the Administration of Justice Act
In the case of a tie, this
governing body determines the
winner of a presidential election.
the House of Representatives
This year marked a turning point
for the Continental Army’s
leadership and the future of their
French allies.
1781
Captured enslaved persons in
the Northwest Territory faced this
fate.
return to their enslavers
General Howe and British forces
sailed to this American colony in
June of 1776.
New York
Massachusetts’s Puritanism
made it more tolerant of this
attitude than other colonies.
disobeying authority
The Continental Congress could
not perform this action because
Britain did not legally recognize
it.
charge taxes
These two leaders supported the
Antifederalist cause in
Massachusetts.
John Hancock and Samuel
Adams
Fur traders from these two
American states sought to trade
with Native Americans in the
Ohio River Valley.
Virginia and Pennsylvania
Historians estimate that around this number of African Americans enlisted in state militias and the Continental Army during the American Revolution.
5,000
Native American troops used
these natural fortifications when
planning a defense against Wayne’s attack
Debris from blown-down trees
along the Maumee River
English settlers believed that
Native American tribes did not
have a right to their lands for this
reason
Not improving the land
This French organization grew
out of the Estates General and
resembled the American
Continental Congress.
the National Assembly
General Lincoln requested this
type of surrender that the British
ultimately rejected.
conditional
This church arose from the
efforts of Andrew Bryan and his
preaching.
Frist African Baptist Church of
Savannah
This parliament member
proposed the theory of “virtual
representation.”
George Grenville
Hays’s efforts caught the special
attention of this American
general.
George Washington
Samuel Adams and John
Hancock agreed to ratify the
Constitution on this condition.
add amendments about
individual liberties
This estimated percentage of the
colonial population remained
loyal to Britain during the
Revolutionary War.
20
Wampanoags resisted European
colonizers in this conflict.
King Phillip’s War
William Franklin held this political
affiliation, despite his father’s
Patriot loyalty.
Loyalist
American political bodies
became reluctant to include this
demographic in the army.
African Americans
These two men supported the
Federalist movement.
Benjamin Franklin and George
Washington
Constitutional safeguards of
justice protect against these
practices.
unreasonable search and
seizure, self-incrimination,
unjust trials, cruel punishments
colonial city in 1782 along with
many white and Black Loyalists.
New York City
Native Americans enjoyed using
these two European goods in
religious ceremonies.
glass beads and copper
ornaments
Under the Albany Plan, this
leader presided over the council
of colonial delegates.
a president
This colonist, known as Lord
Dunmore, served as the last
royal governor of Virginia.
John Murray
These two states were greatly
struggling with their debt and
supported Hamilton’s debt-
assumption plan.
Massachusetts and South
Carolina
This man held a coup d’état and
took over France’s revolutionary
government in 1799.
Napoleon Bonaparte
This number of British soldiers
were acquitted in the Bloody
Massacre trial.
five
This organization was the first
independent Black Christian
denomination in America.
the African Methodist Episcopal
Church
This percentage of Loyalists
remained in America following
the Revolutionary War.
80
This number of enslaved peoples
were brought to the United
States from 1790 to 1808.
one hundred and fifteen
thousand
France’s National Assembly was
similar to this American
revolutionary organization.
the Continental Congress
American soldiers were
inoculated against this disease
while stationed in Morristown,
New Jersey.
smallpox
The first outcries of the American
Revolution focused on this right.
right to control property
Marquis de Lafayette initially
deployed Armistead in this role
during the American Revolution.
spy
Most Antifederalist supporters
came from this region.
the western frontier
African Americans were barred
from serving in this organization.
the military
The Antifederalists were also
known by this name.
Localists
This nation became the second
European country to recognize
the authority of the United States
as an independent country.
Netherlands
Fur traders from Virginia and
Pennsylvania sought to trade
with Native Americans in this
region.
the Ohio River Valley
This colonel led British forces at
the Battle of Cowpens.
Banastre Tarleton
King’s Men, Royalists, and
Tories were all synonymous with
this political group.
Loyalists
This man was the third vice-
president of the United States.
Aaron Burr
These three contracts were
taxed by the Stamp Act.
deeds, wills, and marriage
licenses
These five revolutionary leaders
opposed the Constitution.
Patrick Henry, Richard Henry
Lee, George Mason, John
Hancock, Samuel Adams
Patriots from this colony argued
to the Continental Congress
regarding their limited ability to
recruit troops for the war.
South Carolina
These types of women could
vote in colonial elections.
land-owning widows
Ferguson died after this number
of hours of fighting on Kings
Mountain.
one
These economic groups
supported the Federalists.
merchants, creditors, urban
artisans
This man was Prime Minister of
Britain when the Stamp Act was
enacted.
George Grenville
Land occupied by the Iroquois
Confederacy is split between
these two modern-day countries.
the United States and Canada
This term describes the growing
popularity of British identity and
material culture in the American
colonies.
Anglicization
This New York City tailor had
access to high-ranking British
officials through his shop.
Hercules Mulligan
This Massachusetts governor
attempted to use this militia to
halt Shays’ Rebellion.
James Bowdoin
These types of churches were
early proponents of
emancipation.
evangelical churches
Britain dropped its salutary
neglect policy after this event.
the Seven Years’ War
Mohawk leader
Akiatonharónkwen had this
nickname.
Colonel Lewis
This organization has cited the
Federalist Papers as an
authentic interpretation of the
Constitution.
the Supreme Court
Scouts from these two Native
American nations accompanied
Anthony Wayne and his forces.
Choctaw and Chickasaw
The Caribbean islands produced
this lucrative raw good.
sugar
Judith Sargent Murray claimed
that this authority dictated
equality between men and women.
the order of nature
The phrase “safeguards of
justice” refer to these
Constitutional amendments.
Fourth through eighth
Historians estimate that this
number of enslaved people lived
within the thirteen colonies at the
start of the Revolutionary War.
25,000
Benedict Arnold negotiated with
this British commander to defect
to the British.
Henry Clinton
Small-scale fighting between the
Americans and the British
occurred on August 27, 1782, at
this battle.
Battle of the Combahee River
This Native tribe helped British
rangers raid Hanna’s Town on
July 13, 1782.
Seneca
Benjamin Rush’s style of female
education prioritized these aims.
accomplishing domestic
responsibilities and educating
sons
The Patriots used this method of
warfare in the early stages of the
war.
guerilla
France and its Algonquian allies
used these tactics to scare
British colonists.
burning and pillaging colonial
settlements
This document emphasized a
strong central government with
three branches.
the Virginia Plan
This conflict between George
Washington and a French
scouting party launched the
Seven Years’ War.
the Battle of Jumonville Glen
These two Americans who
participated in the creation of the
Treaty of Greenville would later
map the Louisiana territory.
William Clark and Meriwether
Lewis
figures This number of people admitted
to participating in Shays’
Rebellion.
four thousand
This Virginia governor sent
George Washington to demand
French withdrawal from their
forts.
Robert Dinwiddie
George Washington was this age
when the Seven Years’ War
began.
twenty-one
This peace treaty offered
Americans the choice of home
rule within the British empire.
Carlisle Peace Commission
George Washington allowed
Catherine to rejoin her husband
in this colony.
New York
Insurgents in Shays’ Rebellion
shut down the courts in these
two cities.
Northampton and Worcester
This law claimed that women had no legal rights to property or bodily autonomy if they were married or under the care of their fathers.
the law of coverture
This action divided Britain’s
ceded territories into states.
the Ordinance of 1784
These two economic groups
united to narrowly approve the
Constitution in Massachusetts.
elite nationalists and urban
workers
Artisans voted for the
Constitution because they hoped
a central government would
enact this change.
charging tariffs
The Federalist papers were
written under this pseudonym.
Publius
With the cotton gin, two or three
enslaved persons could produce
this amount of cotton in a day.
fifty pounds
A French attack sixty miles from
this city diminished British
morale.
Philadelphia
In 1791, Native warriors crushed
this governor of the Northwest
Territory and commander of the
United States Army.
Arthur St. Clair
This declaration forbade
American settlement west of the
Appalachian Mountains.
the Royal Proclamation of 1763
Republican motherhood had this
impact on marriage times and
birthrates.
later marriages and fewer
children
American troops were forced to
fall back to this New York
territory after the British attacked
Long Island on August 27, 1776.
Brooklyn Heights
This scandal erupted when
French ministers demanded that
Americans pay bribes in order to
make diplomatic links to France.
the XYZ Affair
This future American president
participated in the creation of the
Treaty of Greenville.
William Henry Harrison
James Armistead was born in
this Virginia city.
New Kent
The Coercive Acts only allowed
Bostonians to import these two
products.
food and firewood
This state made suffrage
universal for men in 1777.
Vermont
The French revolutionary
government executed these two
individuals.
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
After the fall of Louisbourg,
British forces seized these two
major strongholds.
Montreal and Fort Niagara
This parliamentary act allowed
the British East India Company
to sell tea at a discounted rate in
the colonies.
the Tea Act
This American document was
particularly influential to later
revolutions around the world.
the Declaration of Independence
This colonel led 480
Pennsylvania militiamen into
Native territory following the
massacre at Gnadenhutten.
William Crawford
South Carolina and Georgia lost
a great number of their enslaved
peoples for this reason.
conflict in the Revolutionary War
Fort Ticonderoga is located in
this former American colony.
New York
This New England colony had
the highest proportion of
enslaved people among the
other New England colonies.
Rhode Island
This requirement ensured that
the poor were unable to vote.
property requirements
The Massachusetts colony used
this style of government.
democratic town hall meetings
The Declaration of
Independence argued that this
power allowed individuals to
seek independence.
natural law
This document emphasized
unicameral legislature and the
one-vote-per-state policy.
the New Jersey Plan
During the turbulence of the
French Revolution, this nation
led a coalition of European
powers to fight against France.
Britain
Adding amendments about
individual liberties allowed these
two states to ratify the
Constitution.
New York and Virginia
These two women voted in
Sudbury, Massachusetts to
determine access to livestock
grazing.
Mary Loker and Jane
Goodenow
This organization proposed a call
for independence, the joining of
American states, and the
formation of foreign alliances.
the Virginia Convention
Massachusetts women in 1810
gave birth to this number of
children on average.
six children
British control of French lands
after the Seven Years’ War
nullified this Native American
negotiating tactic.
playing European powers
against each other
Practitioners of this style of
agriculture owned little more than
their land and used barter to
trade.
subsistence agriculture
Political leaders in the South
used this term to describe the
dominance of slavery in the
Southern economy.
a “necessary evil”
The American Revolution directly
inspired revolutions in these two
countries.
France and Haiti
New French colonies bordered
these two North American river
valleys.
the Ohio and Mississippi river
valleys
Spain received these French
lands in the Treaty of Paris.
New Orleans and all French
land west of the Mississippi
French settlers used this term to
characterize Native Americans.
“savages”
Akiatonharónkwen led the Native
American delegation to meet this
French official in 1780.
Rochambeau
These parliamentary acts sought
to punish Massachusetts by
closing the port of Boston
the Coercive Acts
This Anglo-American treaty
formally recognized the authority
of the United States as an
independent nation.
Peace of Paris
This brigadier general led
American forces at the Battle of
Cowpens.
Daniel Morgan
The Iroquois Confederacy
formed an alliance at this time in
history.
the late fifteenth-century
This parliamentary act expanded
the boundary of Quebec and
recognized the Catholic Church
in the Quebec region.
the Quebec Act
This woman petitioned the
Maryland General Assembly for
the right to vote in 1648.
Margaret Brent
This number of American troops
crossed the Delaware River in
the march to Trenton.
2,400
These documents argued that
the Alien and Sedition Acts were
unconstitutional.
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
This man was Thomas
Jefferson’s running mate in the
1800 election
Aaron Burr
The British defeated other
European powers a decade
before the American Revolution
during this war.
Seven Years’ War
France seized this number of
American ships in response to
American diplomatic links with
Britain.
three hundred
This changing economic
relationship diminished economic
drives for slavery in America.
declining profitability of tobacco
Men from these four states
joined the government militia to
confront the Whiskey Rebellion.
New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia,
Pennsylvania
These two Native American tribes are examples of Indian nations who received little compensation for their war efforts.
Oneida and Tuscarora
This year was known as the
bloodiest year of the
Revolutionary War on the
western frontier.
1782
Jack Sisson served in this
military regiment during the
Revolutionary War.
First Rhode Island Regiment
Benjamin Lincoln fled to this
South Carolina city following the
loss of Savannah.
Charleston
Benedict Arnold took control of
this New York fort.
West Point
Judith Sargent Murray came
from this American colony.
Massachusetts
Two British soldiers were
convicted of this crime in the
Bloody Massacre trial.
manslaughter
John Adams and John Dickinson
shared this occupation.
Lawyer
Boston King narrowly escaped
re-enslavement this number of
times.
two
Pontiac’s forces surrendered to
the British for this reason.
lack of supplies
Emma Willard opened
academies in these three cities.
Troy (NY), Waterford (MA), and
Middlebury (VT)
Paul Revere pursued this
profession before the
Revolutionary War.
silversmith
Under the Albany Plan, colonies
would send this number of
delegates to a grand council.
two to seven
Robert Dinwiddie sent this man
to demand French withdrawal
from their forts.
George Washington
The British soldiers convicted of
manslaughter in the Bloody
Massacre trial faced this
punishment.
thumb branding
This number of British soldiers
lay down their arms in surrender
on October 19, 1781.
8,000
Any power not listed in the
Constitution belongs to these
groups.
states or individuals
Between the Federalists and the
Antifederalists, this group was
better organized.
Federalists
Hamilton’s financial plan
included a tax on this good to
generate revenue for war debt.
whiskey
James Madison identified these
three business interests in
Federalist No. 10.
agriculture, manufacturing,
mercantile business
In this war, Black soldiers fought
in racially integrated companies
for the first time since the
Revolutionary War.
Korean War
The success and popularity of
Shays’ Rebellion led national
leaders to reconsider this
document.
the Articles of Confederation
Loyalists tended to share
membership in this Christian
church.
Anglican
This factor unbalanced trade
between Native American and
European groups.
European military might
Anthony Wayne constructed this
fort at the site of St. Clair’s
Defeat.
Fort Recovery
According to English common
law, a femme couvert could sign
this type of document.
contract in her own name
The free African American
population in these two states
tripled between 1790 and 1810.
Georgia and South Carolina
The Declaration of
Independence was publicly read
in this Philadelphia location.
Independence Hall
Judith Sargent Murray claimed that prejudice led to misconceptions about this supposed difference between men and women.
intelligence
The British government restricted
American expansion after the
Seven Years’ war out of fear of
these two groups.
French-Canadian settlers and
French-sympathetic Native
American groups
This factor restricted the ability of
most British citizens to vote.
property qualifications
This longtime enemy of Jefferson
convinced many Federalists to
vote for Jefferson in the House of
Representatives tiebreaker.
Alexander Hamilton
The westward border of the New
French colonies included this
mountain range.
the Rocky Mountains
These three health concerns led
to high mortality rates in sugar
plantations.
malaria, yellow fever, and
physical conditions of sugar
plantations
This number of delegates signed
the Declaration of Independence.
fifty-six
This man prevented Virginia from
attending the Stamp Act
Congress.
Lieutenant Governor Francis
Fauquier
Philip Van Cortlandt was
husband to this Loyalist.
Catherine van Cortlandt
This term refers to the single
women that joined the American
soldiers during the American
Revolution.
camp followers
The Bloody Massacre occurred
at this location.
in front of the Custom House on
King Street
Allied Native Americans defeated
this American general in Miami
territory.
Josiah Harmar
This number of Americans were
killed during the Bloody
Massacre.
five
American wartime debt fueled
this economic phenomenon.
inflation
This Shawnee chief reformed the
Western Confederacy due to
American settler violations of the
Greenville Treaty Line.
Chief Tecumseh
The supplementary curriculum at
Mrs. Remington’s Young Ladies
Boarding School cost this much
money per term.
seven dollars
This amendment adjusted how
many votes each elector cast in
presidential races.
the Twelfth Amendment
These five men were killed
during the Bloody Massacre.
Samuel Gray, Crispus Attucks,
James Caldwell, Samuel
Maverick, Christopher Monk
Republican womanhood gave
women this influential power
over the future.
the education of their sons
This major general instructed his
soldiers not to fire until they
“could see the whites of their
eyes.”
Israel Putnam
Following the Battle of Camden,
Charles Cornwallis and his
troops marched into this
southern colony.
North Carolina
Colonel William Prescott used
1,200 militiamen to seize these
two hills.
Bunker and Breed’s Hills
These three Iroquois tribes
supported the British.
Seneca, Onondaga, and Cayuga
Richard Allen observed tensions
between Black and white
congregants at this church.
St. George’s Church
This adverb best describes how
Washington proceeded in the
New York theater following the
fighting in New York City.
cautiously
Washington promoted Hays at
the Battle of Monmouth, earning
her this title.
Sergeant Molly
Delegates from all of the
colonies except this one met in
the First Continental Congress.
Georgia
Judith Sargent Murray
challenged male superiority in
this essay.
On the Equality of the Sexes
This American political party
supported France in the
France/Britain Conflict
the Democratic-Republicans
A delegate from this state
suggested outlawing the
transatlantic slave trade in the
Constitution.
Virginia
This number of Shays’ Rebellion
insurgents were convicted and
sentenced to death.
eighteen
Eli Whitney invented this
machine in 1793.
the cotton gin
Between the Federalists and the
Democratic-Republicans, this
party had a more diverse group
of supporters.
Democratic-Republicans
After the approval of the Articles of Confederation, this organization became the governing body of the United States.
the Confederation Congress
The presidential election of 1800
gave birth to this feature of the
American political system.
the party system
This British major headed the
British intelligence operation
during the American Revolution.
John André
The compromises in the
Constitution emphasized the
divide between these two
groups.
northern and southern states
Many English purchases of
Native American lands occurred
after these events.
military conflicts
Dutch refusal to ally with Britain
against France led to this war in
1780.
Fourth Anglo-Dutch War
Planters from Virginia formed
this organization in 1749 to tap
into the lucrative inland fur trade.
the Ohio Company
These two causes provided
resistance to slavery after the
American Revolution.
religion and revolutionary ideals
This man founded Dickinson
College and championed female
education.
Dr. Benjamin Rush
Britain had this number of
colonies at the outbreak of the
Seven Years’ War.
thirteen
Mohawk leader Thayendanegea
led a joint Mohawk and Loyalist
force known by this nickname.
Brant’s Volunteers
This American colonel led Sisson
and 40 other troops through
British-controlled waters to
capture British officials.
William Barton
With the cotton gin, this number
of enslaved persons could
produce fifty pounds of cotton a
day.
two or three
The Battle of Blue Licks took
place between Natives and
Loyalist forces against American
troops in this colony.
Kentucky
Federalists supported this style
of government.
strong national government
Europeans first used this term to
describe the Iroquois
Confederacy.
the Five Nations
This state did not participate in
the Constitutional Convention.
Rhode Island
This demographic trend created
a surplus of enslaved peoples in
the Chesapeake.
natural increase
The organizers of Shays’
Rebellion fled to these states.
Vermont and New Hampshire
Alexander Hamilton was born in
this region.
the West Indies
This colonist was the wife of
George Washington.
Martha Washington
Hamilton’s whiskey tax led to
financial disaster in this region.
western Pennsylvania
By this year, most white men in
the United States could vote for
president.
1856
The Continental Army
reorganized into this number of
divisions following the winter of
1778.
five
Allied Native Americans defeated
General Josiah Harmar in this
Native territory.
Miami-owned Indiana
This law placed former western
colonial holdings under federal
control.
the Northwest Ordinance of
1787
This lieutenant captured
Savannah, Georgia on
December 29, 1778.
Archibald Campbell
Washington selected these three
men to serve on his cabinet.
Alexander Hamilton, Thomas
Jefferson, Henry Knox
These types of women were
particularly treated as unequal to
men in American society.
married women
This Boston boycott protested
the Townshend Acts.
the Boston Non-Importation
Agreement
This Loyalist served as an
interpreter in the Ohio Valley,
specializing in Iroquoian
languages.
Sarah Cass McGinn
This secret organization
harassed British officials and tax
collectors.
the Sons of Liberty
By this time, Britain and France
dominated North American
colonial expansion.
the mid-eighteenth century
These two European immigrant
groups made up the remainder
of the white settler population,
excluding the British.
German and Scots-Irish
A British East India Tea ship was
burned in this harbor after the
passage of the Tea Act.
Annapolis, Maryland
Colonists rallied around this
slogan after the reversal of the
Stamp Act.
“Stamp Act Repealed!”
This organization acted as e an
American national government
during the Revolutionary War.
the Continental Congress
The colony of Saint-Domingue
was best-known for producing
this resource.
sugar
Women were particularly
influential in this part of the
American Revolution.
participating in nonimportation
agreements
This organization held spinning
bees to support the Patriot
cause.
the Daughters of Liberty
Yorktown is located at the mouth
of this river.
York River
Chippewas, Delawares, Ottawas, Wyandots, Shawnees, Miamis, and Potawatomis created this organization to defend land rights in Ohio.
the Western Confederacy
This French military figure
particularly helped America
during the Revolutionary War.
Marquis de Lafayette
This enslaved carpenter fled
South Carolina to join the British
Army as a servant and
messenger in 1780.
Boston King
These Christian denominations
were early proponents of
emancipation.
Baptists and Methodists
This amendment recognizes the
fundamental rights of individuals
beyond those listed in the
Constitution.
the Ninth Amendment
This Iroquois tribe fought on both
sides of the American
Revolution.
Mohawk
This crop was the most profitable
of the goods produced in the
upper South.
tobacco
These two Iroquois tribes
supported the Americans.
Oneida and Tuscarora
Anthony Wayne marched on this
Native American capital after the
Battle of Fallen Timbers.
Kekionga
This Saint-Domingue group
launched the Haitian Revolution
in 1791.
the enslaved population
This servant was enslaved to
Hercules Mulligan and helped
transmit intelligence to
Washington.
Cato
This former practice inspired
multiple states to suggest the
Second Amendment.
British confiscation of colonial
weapons
This man served as
Washington’s Secretary of War.
Henry Knox
St. Clair clashed with native
American forces near this
landmark.
the Wabash River
Mary Ludwig Hays fought at this
battle on June 28, 1778.
Battle of Monmouth
The Sugar Act and the Currency
Act were easily avoided for this
reason.
taxes were only collected at
ports
This population demographic maintained farms and businesses while soldiers were away during the Revolutionary War.
women
This colonist served as the last
Royal Governor of New Jersey.
William Franklin
In states that recognized white
Americans’ property rights,
enslaved people could obtain
their freedom in this way.
purchasing their freedom
The Battle of Jumonville Glen
was a victory for this nation.
Britain
John André was charged with
this crime and hanged.
spying
This number of Black Americans
evacuated the country along with
the British in 1782.
3,000
The United Provinces of the
Netherlands was also known by
this name.
Dutch Republic
Many colonial women sought
these economic rewards for their
efforts during the Revolutionary
War.
military pensions
During the American Revolution,
some women in this state gained
the right to vote.
New Jersey
This nation took control of
Quebec and the Ohio Valley in
the Treaty of Paris.
Britain
This wife of John Adams transmitted information and political opinions of the Revolutionary War through letters.
Abigail Adams
Alexander Hamilton worked in
this type of firm as an apprentice
in the West Indies.
mercantile firm
voluntary union based on mutual
affection and respect.
companionate marriage
John Adams engaged in a
Quasi-War with France after this
incident.
French seizure of an American
merchant vessel near New York
This parliamentary act made
Parliament the supreme authority
over colonies.
the Declaratory Act
General Howe moved his troops
to this bay after unsuccessful
negotiations at the Staten Island
Peace Conference.
Kip’s Bay
This group emphasized limited
government power.
the Friends of Liberty
Le Jeune’s book The Jesuit
Relations had this purpose.
encouraging settlers to move to
New France
During the Age of Revolutions,
many nations switched from this
style of government to
constitutional republic.
absolute monarchy
Le Jeune’s The Jesuit Relations
criticized these aspects of Native
American society.
their arrogance, pride,
vindictiveness, and lack of
compassion
The Patriots hung lanterns in the
steeple of this church to
communicate the method of
British attack.
Boston’s Old North
As this good became less
profitable, the economic
necessity for slaves diminished
in America.
tobacco
The Federalist Papers included
this number of essays.
eighty-five
Under English common law,
married women were known by
this term.
femme couvert
Chief Pontiac attacked this
nearby fort with his allies in May
1763.
Fort Detroit
The Iroquois Confederacy fought
against these neighboring Native
American groups.
Huron and Algonquian
This philosopher famously called
the conflict on Lexington
Common “the shot heard round
the world.”
Ralph Waldo Emerson
American privateers captured
approximately this number of
British ships.
2,283
Modern-day Maine was originally
part of this British colony.
the Massachusetts Colony
Massachusetts women in 1750
gave birth to this number of
children on average.
eight or nine children
Benjamin Franklin’s plan to unify
the colonial government bore this
title.
the Albany Plan
The Constitution has added
these four types of rights since
1791.
travel, voting, privacy, decisions
about one’s body/healthcare
The Constitution gave the
government power to restrict
these events.
domestic rebellions
The Age of Revolutions spanned
these two years.
1775 to 1848
This compromise defined how
enslaved persons would be
counted in state populations.
the three-fifths compromise
The Stamp Act Congress sent
resolutions and petitions to these
three groups.
King George III and both houses
of Parliament
Thomas Jefferson’s first draft of
the Olive Branch Petition was
rejected for this reason.
inflammatory rhetoric
Dorchester Heights is in this
direction relative to Boston.
south
The Seven Years’ War arose
from this issue.
territorial disputes in North American
Kekionga was the capital of this
Native American group.
the Miamis
Hamilton agreed to this demand
from James Madison so that
Madison would endorse
Hamilton’s financial plan.
putting the state capital on the
Potomac
Benjamin Franklin’s Albany Plan
encouraged a shift to this type of
government.
unified
Le Jeune’s book The Jesuit
Relations describes this opinion
about the humanity of French
and Native American peoples.
that both were fundamentally
the same
This company held a monopoly
on the colonial tea market.
the British East India Company
These two states were hubs of
tobacco production in the United
States.
Virginia and Maryland
These individuals elect Senators.
members of the House of
Representatives
This Native American group was
the sixth to join the Confederacy.
the Tuscarora
This man served as
Washington’s Secretary of State.
Thomas Jefferson
The Stamp Act Congress and
the First Continental Congress
succeeded this earlier meeting.
the Albany Congress
This result of American-
European exchange forced
Native Americans to hunt more
animals.
increasingly reliance on
European goods
These three Native American tribes supported British efforts against the Spanish on the Gulf Coast and along the Mississippi River.
Creek, Chickasaw, and Choctaw
This treaty ensured that the
American colonies would
mutually defend each other
against British aggression.
the Articles of Confederation
This document enumerated the
expansion of British control over
the colonies.
s
the Declaration of the Causes
and Necessity of Taking Up
Arm
One-fifth of the colonial
population came from this group.
enslaved Africans
This playwright and essayist
challenged male superiority in
On the Equality of the Sexes.
Judith Sargent Murray
These two groups objected to
the Royal Proclamation of 1763.
landowners and speculators
The British seized this key
French fort in 1758 after William
Pitt took command.
Louisbourg, French Canada
The French relied on the
production of these two goods in
the French West Indies.
sugar and coffee
This state’s Lieutenant Governor
prevented it from attending the
Stamp Act Congress.
Virginia
Washington’s farewell address
warned against these three
dangers.
regionalism, partisanship, and
foreign entanglements
Native American war parties
raided these three present-day
states as a distraction tactic.
Kentucky, West Virginia, and
Pennsylvania
Daniel Shays and Joseph Plumb
Martin shared this occupation.
farmers
Sir William Johnson engaged in
Native American culture and was
eventually adopted by this Indian
nation.
Mohawk
Scholars estimate that this
percentage of the Native
American population was killed
by smallpox.
ninety percent
The French government sent this
token to George Washington
after the storming of the Bastille.
a key to the Bastille’s door
A French attack this many miles
from Philadelphia diminished
British morale.
sixty miles
Armistead infiltrated this
general’s headquarters in 1781
as a spy.
Charles Cornwallis
Andrew Bryan was arrested and
whipped for preaching to
enslaved peoples near this town.
Savannah, Georgia
This enslaved man preached to
enslaved peoples and was
arrested.
Andrew Bryan
This Christian denomination
licensed Black men to preach.
Methodists
Father Paul Le Jeune lived in
New France for this duration of
time.
seventeen years
This Wampanoag leader resisted
European colonizers in New
England in King Phillip’s War.
Metacomet
These five nations comprised the
Iroquois Confederacy.
the Mohawk, Oneida,
Onondaga, Cayuga, and
Seneca
This amendment defines the
relationship between the federal
government and states.
the Tenth Amendment
These Native American tribes
participated in the Battle of
Fallen Timbers.
Delaware, Miami, Wyandot,
Roundhead, Ojibwa, Odawa,
Potawatomi, Otter, Mingo,
Mohawk
Continental Congress stationed
this number of army regiments
on the western frontier to protect
American settlers.
two
Historians estimate that this
percentage of the white
population in America supported
the Revolutionary War.
40 to 45
The first release of the
Declaration of Independence
printed this number of copies.
two hundred
The Stamp Act Congress is also
known by this name.
the Continental Congress
Burgoyne’s forces reached this
New York town on September
13, 1777 and constructed
defenses.
Saratoga
Hamilton founded a successful
law practice in this city.
New York City
This number of Continental Army
troops surrounded Cornwallis
during the Battle of Yorktown.
8,000
General Howe and the British left
Boston for this Nova Scotia
municipality.
Halifax
English settlers acquired Native
American lands through these
means.
purchasing land in treaties
Most conflicts over land claims
arose in this region.
Ohio
This group did not support the
Constitution.
Antifederalists
Some Federalists approved of
the Quasi-War with France for
this reason.
patriotic fervor could lead to a
Federalist presidential victory
Female seminaries fostered this
sentiment between educated
women.
group identity and solidarity
This Massachusetts
congressional delegate was the
leader of the early independence
movement.
John Adams
The Declaration of
Independence was first printed in
this city.
Philadelphia
The African Methodist Episcopal
Church first opened in this city.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
These two colonial powers had a
history of conflict back in Europe.
England and France
This French visitor marveled at
the creativity and dynamism in
American colonial societies.
Michel-Guillaume Jean de
Crevecoeur
This British major started to recruit Loyalist militia troops following Cornwallis’s advancements through North Carolina.
Patrick Ferguson
These two American colonies
also enacted boycotts after the
Boston Non-Importation
Agreement.
New York and Philadelphia
Congress created this military
body at the request of John
Adams.
Continental Navy
The Federalists used this tool to
support their cause.
the press
This group of crimes against
George III accused the king of
colluding with Parliament to tax
and alter trade.
the second group (charges
thirteen to twenty-two)
These four groups participated in
the Seven Years’ War in North
America.
France, Britain, Native
Americans, and Spain
The Federalists were also known
by this name.
Nationalists
St. Clair clashed with these
Miami and Shawnee leaders
during St. Clair’s Defeat.
Chief Little Turtle (Miami) and
Chief Blue Jacket (Shawnee)
Hamilton included a whiskey tax
in his financial plan for this
reason.
to generate revenue to pay off
war debt
General Richard Prescott was
exchanged for this American
general.
Charles Lee
Sir William Johnson was born in
this country.
Ireland
This bookseller delivered artillery
from Fort Ticonderoga to Patriot
forces outside Boston.
Henry Knox
After the Tuscarora people
joined the Iroquois Confederacy,
its alliance bore this new name.
the Six Nations
The ten Constitutional
amendments ratified by the
states became this document.
the Bill of Rights
In December of 1780, this general replaced Horatio Gates as the commander of the Continental Army in the southern colonies.
Nathanael Greene
The Royal Proclamation of 1763
forbade American expansion
west of this region.
the Appalachian Mountains
The government sent a militia of
this size to confront the Whiskey
Rebellion.
thirteen thousand
After the Age of Revolutions, this
style of government dominated in
Europe and the Americas.
constitutional republics
This attitude encouraged the
delegates at the Constitutional
Convention to pursue a stronger
central government.
nationalism
This man led the Federalist
Party.
John Adams
This Massachusetts man insisted
on traditional views of female
roles as “republican mothers.”
Rev. Thomas Barnard
This term describes the forced
migration of enslaved peoples
within the United States to meet
cotton-production demands.
the new Middle Passage
Jamaica was a colony of this
European country.
Britain
The Spanish aided American
smuggling operations in this
American port city.
New Orleans
This man was John Adams’
running mate in the 1800
election.
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
The First Continental Congress
created this organization to
boycott imported British goods.
the Continental Association
Native American social groups
included these five
organizations.
clans, tribes, villages,
chiefdoms, and confederacies
South Carolina and Georgia
imported enslaved peoples to
cultivate this good.
rice
These four diplomats
represented the United States at
the Treaty of Paris.
John Adams, Benjamin Franklin,
John Jay, and Henry Laurens
George Washington bore this
military rank at the beginning of
the Seven Years’ War.
major
After the partial repeal of the
Townshend Acts, a tax remained
on this product.
tea
More American colonists could
vote than those in Britain for this
reason.
greater opportunity for
Americans to own land
This number of Native American
troops defended against Anthony
Wayne’s forces in the Battle of
Fallen Timbers.
one thousand five hundred
This ordinance gave all state residents the right to vote if their wealth amounted to over fifty pounds and if they had lived in the state for a year.
the New Jersey Voting Act of
1790
This group emphasized federal
stability and was led by
Alexander Hamilton and John
Adams.
the Friends of Order
This historian termed the passion
for arms in New England as
“rage militaire.”
Charles Royster
This reverend was forced to
move while worshipping in St.
George’s Church.
Rev. Absalom Jones
William Clark and Meriwether
Lewis mapped and explored this
American territory.
the Louisiana territory
These two diseases were
common on sugar plantations.
malaria and yellow fever
England kept this type of
relationship with neighboring
Native American tribes.
separated
This number of enslaved
Africans arrived in Port Comfort,
Virginia in August 1619.
twenty
The Louisbourg fort in French
Canada protected the mouth of
this river.
the Saint Lawrence River
This woman implored
revolutionary leaders to
“remember the ladies” during
American lawmaking.
Abigail Adams
British soldiers and Boston
residents fought over this issue
in the 1760s and 1770s.
access to jobs
Emma Willard’s female
educational mission spread to
these American regions.
the South and Midwest
The British seized Bunker Hill
using this method of combat.
hand-to-hand
This man’s presidential
inauguration was the first held in
Washington, D.C.
Thomas Jefferson
This religious organization
encouraged French settlers to
convert Native Americans.
the Roman Catholic Church
The Declaration of
Independence is divided into this
number of sections.
five
This man injured in the Bloody
Massacre was not actually
participating in the fight.
the merchant
Anthony Wayne constructed this
fort in the heart of Miami territory.
Fort Wayne
These two delegates served as
diplomats to Europe during the
Constitutional Convention.
Thomas Jefferson and John
Adams
This Massachusetts lawyer and
assembly member was one of
the earliest Patriot supporters.
James Otis
Americans of these professions
were injured during the Bloody
Massacre.
two apprentices, a
leatherworker, a seafarer, and a
merchant
Representatives from these
colonies attended the Stamp Act
Congress in 1765.
Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, South Carolina
The Declaration of
Independence listed this number
of grievances against George III.
twenty-seven
This military leader led American
soldiers during the Battle of the
Combahee River.
John Laurens
This English political theorist
wrote the 1689 Declaration of
Rights.
John Locke
Most of America’s debt was
concentrated in this region.
the north
John Adams won this many
electoral votes in the 1796
presidential election.
seventy-one
The law of coverture placed
women under the will of these
two male roles.
husband or father
West Point stands on this river.
Hudson River
François Joseph Paul commanded this number of French naval vessels to meet with Franco-American forces in Virginia.
28
Benjamin Franklin, John Jay,
John Rutledge, and Thomas
Jefferson drafted this document
to avoid war with Britain.
the Olive Branch Petition
The British standing army
consisted of this number of
troops.
48,000
Native American tribes from
these two regions allied with
France during the Seven Years’
War.
Ohio Country and Great Lakes
regions
This state was the first state
added to the Union after the
1787 Ordinance.
Ohio
These features of the cotton gin
pulled cotton to separate the
fiber from the seed.
wire hooks and a wire screen
The British were defeated at
these two locations during the
Seven Years’ War.
Fort Oswego and Fort William Henry
These skilled tradespeople in
Massachusetts supported the
Patriot cause.
orators, writers, and
propagandists
Historians estimate that this
number of soldiers died of
dehydration at the Battle of
Monmouth.
50
This name refers to the citizen-
soldiers of the colonial militias.
minutemen
Navy commander John Paul
Jones helped capture this British
ship in April of 1778.
H.M.S. Drake
Pontiac’s forces captured this
many people by the fall of 1763.
six hundred
This prime minister gave the
British East India Company a
monopoly on the colonial tea
market.
Frederick, Lord North
This number of armed men rose
to fight against federal officials
who subpoenaed distillers.
five hundred
The colonial unification
movement started at this
meeting.
the Albany Congress
Robert Dinwiddie was an
investor in this organization.
the Ohio Company
This nation took control of New
Orleans and all French land west
of the Mississippi in the Treaty of
Paris.
Spain
This British commander of Fort
Miami barred the fort’s gates
against Native warriors in the
Battle of Fallen Timbers.
Major William Campbell
These laws allowed the
deportation of foreigners and
diminished the voting rights of
new immigrants.
Alien and Sedition Acts
George Washington set these
three executive precedents for
the role of president.
inaugural address, executive
cabinet, annual messages to
Congress
These parliamentary acts
decreased American autonomy
by taxing many imported items.
the Townshend Acts
This chief encouraged Native
American tribes to unite and fight
against the British after the
Seven Years’ War.
Chief Pontiac
Many colonists moved to this
major Massachusetts city as
access to rural fertile land
diminished.
Boston
Margaret Brent was the executor
of this colonial governor.
Leonard Calvert
This state declared slavery to be
against its state constitution in
1780.
Massachusetts
These two nations won the
Seven Years’ War in North
America.
Britain and Spain
This 1783 act declared all
enslaved soldiers who fought in
the American Revolution as free
men.
Virginia Act of 1783
This number of British soldiers
were wounded following the
Battle of Bunker Hill.
800
During the Battle of Bunker Hill,
British ships crossed this river.
Charles River
James Armistead played a
crucial role for the American and
French side at this Revolutionary
War battle.
Battle of Yorktown
events Paul Revere famously spread
the news that this military group
was approaching Patriot territory.
Regulars
It was estimated that this number
of Loyalists fought for the British
in the American Revolution.
25,000
Benjamin Rush founded this
institution of higher education to
educate American women.
Dickinson College
The consumption of this good
surged in the colonies after the
refusal to import tea.
coffee
This part of the legislative branch
would be apportioned with an
equal number of representatives
for state.
the Senate
These Native American groups
joined the Western Confederacy
to defend land rights in Ohio.
Chippewa, Delaware, Ottawa,
Wyandot, Shawnee, Miami,
Potawatomi
This declaration claimed that the
American colonies ought to be
free from British influence.
the Lee Resolution
Arnold requested this cash
reward from the British in
exchange for West Point.
20,000 pounds
Jefferson owned this number of
enslaved persons.
six hundred
Fort Washington is located near
this modern-day city.
Cincinnati
An increasing reliance on
European goods forced Native
American groups to change their
survival practices in this manner.
hunting more animals
This British Whig party leader openly spoke against British involvement in further conflict following the Battle of Guilford Courthouse.
Charles James Fox
Women provided these goods
and services to soldiers during
the American Revolution.
provisions and medical care
When six delegates met in
Annapolis in September 1786,
they discussed this issue.
regulation of interstate
commerce
The British surrendered at the
Battle of Yorktown on this date in
1781.
October 17th
The British surrendered at the
Battle of Yorktown on this date in
1781.
October 17th
This act forced British colonies to
produce printed material on
stamped paper imported from
London.
the Stamp Act
Republican motherhood provided
this great benefit for American
women.
access to formal education
Benedict Arnold married this
daughter of a Loyalist
sympathizer.
Peggy Shippen
Land from the Northwest
Territory was split up between
these five regions.
Indiana, Illinois, Michigan,
Wisconsin, Minnesota
The Albany Congress focused
on this issue.
relations with the French and
Native American tribes
Britain struggled during these
years of the Seven Years’ War.
the first four years
The Peace of Paris treaty was
signed on September 3, 1783 in
this French building.
Hôtel d’York
This state enacted a law that banned white Americans from marrying Africans, Native Americans, or people with “mixed” ancestry.
Massachusetts
Methodists from this state
claimed that slavery was
“contrary to the Golden law of
God.”
Virginia
This number of militiamen shut
down Shays’ Rebellion.
three thousand
These three Native American
tribes spoke the Algonquian
language.
Powhatan, Pequots,
Narragansetts
Only this portion of states had to
approve the Constitution for it to
go into effect.
two-thirds
The British controlled this key
western fort in the later stages of
the war.
Fort Detroit
New French colonies included
these four regions of the United
States and Canada.
Newfoundland, the Ohio River
Valley, the Mississippi River
Valley, and the Rocky
Mountains
The British custom of halting
military campaigns during winter
emerged during this century.
eighteenth
These two Algonquian tribes
resided near the settlements of
the Pilgrims.
Pequots and Narragansetts
number of the thirteen British
colonies met in Albany to discuss
the tensions in the oncoming
Seven Years’ War.
seven
Britain had to pacify these two
groups in its newly acquired
French territories after the Seven
Years’ War.
French-Canadian citizens and
French-allied Native American
tribes
These three nationalities made
up General John Burgoyne’s
military force.
British, Hessian, and Canadian
Washington and his British
forces were defeated in this
battle.
Fort Necessity
The Connecticut Compromise
was also known by this name.
the Great Compromise
Britain declared war on France
after hearing about this event.
the British defeat at Fort
Necessity
The female production of this
material aided in the boycotts of
British goods.
homespun cloth
The American Board of Custom
Commissioners encouraged
officials to report smugglers with
this method.
paying a bonus for convicting
smugglers
This Algonquian tribe fought
against colonizers in New
England.
the Wampanoags
three government roles could
only be appointed by state
legislatures or electors.
governor, senator, and president
Most Federalist supporters came
from these regions
the East Coast and cities
A chief from this tribe encouraged Native American tribes to unite and fight against the British after the Seven Years’ War.
Ottawa
In pre-colonial times, Native
American identity focused on
these groups.
immediate social groups
Hamilton denounced these
actions of the Adam presidency,
splintering the Federalist party.
making peace with France
This term refers to the colonists
who fought for American
independence during the
Revolutionary War.
Patriots
This number of new vessels
entered the Continental Navy.
eight
The Miami’s capital of Kekionga
was located near these natural
landmarks.
St. Joseph and St. Mary’s
Rivers
Native American forces used this
means to discover Anthony
Wayne’s attack plans.
capturing one of Wayne’s
State legislatures enacted this
measure to pay foreign debts,
enraging farmers.
property tax
The Olive Branch Petition was
delivered to this British governor.
the Earl of Dartmouth
The American Revolution traces
its origins to this Parliamentary
act.
the Stamp Act
These two types of relationships
were common between French
and Native American groups.
trade relationships and
marriages
Many delegates of the Continental Congress believed that this general would make a better commander than Washington.
Horatio Gates
The Albany Congress sought to
defend British lands from this
nation.
French Canada
Delegates removed a reference
to slavery in the Declaration of
Independence to appease these
two states.
South Carolina and Georgia
These two states had mostly
settled their debt and did not
want to help other states.
Virginia and North Carolina
General Greene confronted the
British forces during this battle
on March 15th.
Battle of Guilford Courthouse
This French foreign minister proposed that the United States, Great Britain, and Spain should split up their territory in North America.
Comte de Vergennes
Demand for cotton bolstered this
system of agriculture in the
American south.
the plantation system
The British ships captured by
American privateers were valued
at this number of dollars.
66 million
Washington was leery of getting
involved in an unfolding conflict
between these two European
nations.
France and Britain
Native American tribes
exchanged these goods for
federal funds and supplies under
the annuity system.
land cessations
This federal tax inspector was
killed in the Whiskey Rebellion.
John Neville
Native American casualties in
the Battle of Fallen Timbers
ranged between these two
numbers.
between twenty to forty warriors
dead
The members of the Iroquois
Confederacy resided in this
region.
the Great Lakes region of
Upstate New York and Canada
This farmer described the
abuses of tax collectors and
state courts.
Old Plough Jogger
Massachusetts colony members
shared this cultural and religious
tradition.
Puritanism
General Thomas Gage ordered
this number of British soldiers to
be stationed in Boston in 1775.
3,000
British colonizers first
encountered Algonquian peoples
in these two colonial states.
Virginia and Massachusetts
Militiamen captured John André
near this New York city on
September 23, 1780.
Tarryton
The Spanish joined the
Revolutionary War as an ally of
the French in this year.
1779
This system kept the three
branches of government from
dominating the other.
checks and balances
This man served as
Washington’s Secretary of the
Treasury
Alexander Hamilton
In the 1770s, English citizens
made up this percentage of the
colonial population.
less than two-thirds
This European power primarily
aided the Patriot cause to help
them win the war.
French
American women developed
substitutes for this good during
boycotts in the 1760s and 1770s.
tea
These two large states would
benefit most from population-
weighted representation.
Virginia and Pennsylvania
This event was the turning point
for the British cause in the Seven
Year’s War.
William Pitt’s command of
military operations
This state expanded the
franchise to all men who paid
taxes or served in the military in
1818.
Connecticut
The free Black community used
these organizations to
demonstrate pride, solidarity,
and empowerment.
schools, churches, benevolent
societies, political caucuses,
newspapers
This Maryland man argued that
Americans were not represented
in Parliament, even virtually.
Daniel Dulany Jr.
This number of British troops
landed in Boston in 1768.
four thousand
British colonizers first
encountered Algonquian peoples
in these two colonial cities.
Jamestown, Virginia and
Plymouth, Massachusetts
These two men led Shays’
Rebellion.
Daniel Shays and Luke Day
Traders in this profession sought
to trade with Native Americans in
the Ohio River Valley.
fur trading
The British strategy in 1777
centered primarily on seizing this
colonial city.
Philadelphia
In this region of America in
particular, women married later
and had fewer children.
New England
These two parliamentary tax acts
preceded the Stamp Act.
the Sugar Act and the Currency
Act
This Jesuit priest published The
Jesuit Relations, describing
settler efforts to convert Native
Americans to Christianity.
Father Paul Le Jeune
Enslaved Africans occupied this
fraction of the colonial
population.
one-fifth
The main curriculum of Mrs.
Remington’s Young Ladies
Boarding School offered these
six subjects.
reading, writing, arithmetic,
grammar, composition, and
geography
This British captain was arrested
and charged with murder after
the Bloody Massacre.
Thomas Preston
Shays’ Rebellion protested the
county court in this city.
Northampton, Massachusetts
Chief Pontiac formed an alliance
with these Native American
tribes.
Shawnee, Wyandot, Seneca,
Cayuga, Delaware
Congress sent this number of
Constitutional amendments to
the states for approval.
twelve
Changing birthrates allowed
women to pursue these interests.
charitable and reform causes
This number of black soldiers
was estimated to have served for
the Continental Army and Navy.
5,000
This state did not pass debtor
relief laws to allay financial
insecurity.
Massachusetts
Colonial settlers from Britain
overwhelmingly belonged to this
religious group.
Protestant
One-third of the African American population in this state obtained freedom through manumission or purchasing freedom.
Maryland
Some American women obtained
education through these
institutions.
female academies
A single laborer required this
amount of time to separate a
pound of cotton fiber from its
seeds.
ten hours
Members of the state legislature
mostly came from this economic
class.
the merchant class
This formerly enslaved man led
the Haitian Revolution.
Toussaint Louverture
“The Rights of the British
Colonists Asserted and
Defended” argued against this
British governmental practice.
taxation without representation
These two social practices
reflected the importance of
British culture on the colonies.
wearing clothes made of
imported cloth, drinking tea
Le Jeune’s The Jesuit Relations
describes these four aspects of
Native American society
favorably.
physical strength, intelligence,
contentment, and diplomacy
This nickname referred to
women who traveled back and
forth to deliver water to soldiers.
Molly Pitcher
The first textile mill in America
was built in this state.
Rhode Island
must possess this amount of
income.
a personal estate of forty
pounds or a freehold estate of
forty shillings a year
The Antifederalist Robert Yates
likely wrote under this
pseudonym.
Brutus
Common Sense borrowed
rhetorical and formal structures
from this type of public address.
a sermon
This amendment protects
freedom of religion, speech,
press, assembly, and petition.
the First Amendment
The siege of Boston remained at
a stalemate until this month and
year.
March 1776
George Washington possessed
this number of enslaved people
when he wrote his will.
one hundred and twenty-three
The Ethiopian Regiment
consisted of this number of
formerly enslaved men.
1,000
Before the American revolution,
this percentage of the white
colonial male population could
vote.
fifty to seventy-five percent
New Jersey’s voting laws were
restricted in 1807 so that only
this group could vote.
white male taxpayers
This military leader was the
captain of the New York
Provincial Company of Artillery.
Alexander Hamilton
The British Prime Minister’s
rebuttal to the Declaration of
Independence bore this title.
“Answer to the Declaration of
the American Congress”
These two men delivered the
Olive Branch Petition to King
George III.
Richard Penn and Arthur Lee
The four American diplomats at
the Treaty of Paris all served in
this political body.
Continental Congress
During this conflict, Native
American tribes allied to fight
against the British after the
Seven Years’ War.
Pontiac’s War/Pontiac’s
Rebellion
This state delayed ratifying the
Articles of Confederation over
issues of western land claims.
Maryland
Maryland
The French revolutionary
government used these three
government actions to improve
the lives of women and the poor.
price controls, free education,
increased taxes on the wealthy
Pontiac and his allies attacked
British forts in these two
locations.
Ohio Country and the
Pennsylvania frontier
France had approximately this
number of settlers in the New
World in 1756.
sixty-five thousand
The compromises at the
Continental Congress focused
on this American institution.
slavery
This law standardized the sale of
land in the West.
Land Ordinance of 1785
Cornwallis and his forces raided
farms and plantations in Virginia
for this number of months.
three
This social role for women,
coined during the American
Revolution, brought them some
advantages.
republican motherhood
French ministers demanded that
Americans pay bribes to this
French minister in order to open
negotiations.
Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-
Perigord
This man was one of the leaders
of the Federalist movement.
James Madison
This percentage of the African American population in Maryland obtained freedom through manumission and purchasing freedom.
one-third
Southern lawmakers restricted
these five abilities of free Black
men.
voting, sitting on juries, testifying
in court, owning dogs, carrying
guns
St. Clair clashed with these two
Native American tribes during St.
Clair’s Defeat.
Shawnee and Miami
This member of Washington’s
cabinet encouraged him to
respond to the Whiskey
Rebellion with reconciliation.
Edmund Randolph
This man encouraged
communication channels
between the American coast and
interior.
Samuel Adams
This law outlawed the publication
of writing against the government
or government officials.
the Sedition Act
The Marquis de Lafayette held
this position in the French
military.
commander-in-chief of the
Parisian National Guard
This man was the first Vice
President of the United States.
John Adams
Jefferson owned a plantation in
this city.
Charlottesville, Virginia
The Continental Army consisted
of this number of recruits.
18,000
Paul Le Jeune belonged to this
Catholic religious order.
Jesuit
Thomas Jefferson was selected
to draft the declaration for this
reason.
His status as a Virginian
Fort Miami is located near this
modern-day city.
Toledo, Ohio
Some Loyalists faced this cruel
punishment for their political
affiliation.
tarring and feathering
French settlers in the New World
particularly relied on this type of
trade.
the fur trade
These two Massachusetts
delegates fought over the
Constitution.
Francis Dana and Elbridge
Gerry
Many plantation-owning Loyalists
relied on British trade networks
to export these two goods to
world markets.
tobacco and indigo
Slavery was more easily
abolished in the North for these
two reasons.
smaller enslaved population,
economically less reliant on
enslaved labor
This woman advocated for
women’s higher education and
founded the first female
seminary.
Emma Willard
This proposal created a
bicameral legislature and
reconciled the large state/small
state controversy.
the Connecticut Compromise
This Prussian volunteer helped
train American forces in their
military tactics.
Baron Friedrich von Steuben
Delegates from this number of
states participated in the
Constitutional Convention.
twelve
Iroquois lands bordered the
settlements of these European
countries.
France, England, and the
Netherlands
John Adams cast this number of
tie-breaking votes in the Senate
as vice president.
thirty-one
This group aided the Native
American tribes participating in
the Battle of Fallen Timbers.
Canadian militiamen
This military force occupied the
high ground during the Battle of
Kings Mountain.
Loyalists
Major William Campbell of Fort
Miami refused to admit Native
warriors for this reason.
Wanting to avoid war with the
United States
This man was the author of the
Virginia Act for Establishing
Religious Freedom.
Thomas Jefferson
This document acknowledged
Native ownership of the Ohio
territory.
the Treaty of Greenville
Colonial settlers from France
overwhelmingly belonged to this
religious group.
Catholic
These two Christian
denominations sought to convert
enslaved Africans to Christianity.
Methodists and Baptists
The British found Loyalist
support on this shore of
Maryland.
eastern
This man invented the cotton gin
in 1793.
Eli Whitney
Catherine van Cortlandt took
care of this number of children
while Philip served in the British
Army.
nine
This battle is widely considered
the major turning point of the
Revolutionary War.
Battle of Saratoga
Every state adopted
amendments about individual
liberties except for this state.
Maryland
These three reasons motivated
settlers in New France to convert
Native Americans.
national glory, profit, and
religious drive
These two women were notable
for receiving United States
military pensions for their war
efforts.
Mary Hays and Margaret Corbin
This proclamation expanded the power of Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation by declaring all slaves under Patriot control to be free.
Philipsburg Proclamation
In 1810, this percentage of
African Americans living in
northern states were enslaved.
one quarter
The British Crown issued this
proclamation following the initial
rebellion in Massachusetts.
Proclamation of Rebellion
This European disease
particularly devastated Native
American populations.
smallpox
Taxes from the Stamp Act were
paid in this currency.
British currency (rather than colonial paper money)
This author of Common Sense
made moral and political
arguments for American
independence.
Thomas Paine
This act codified Hamilton’s
financial plan for federal
assumption of state debts.
the Funding Act
Under this political system,
women had no rights or legal
representation.
English common law
The American Revolution
affected attitudes towards these
four sociopolitical fields.
slavery, women’s rights,
religious life, voting rights
The Patriots used this nickname
for the Coercive Acts.
the Intolerable Acts
In this county, the whiskey tax
caused sixty-eight percent of the
taxable population to foreclose.
Berks County
These six Indian tribes made up
the Six Nations of the Iroquois
Confederacy during the
American Revolution.
Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga,
Oneida, Mohawk, and
Tuscarora
This group supported the
Constitution.
Federalists
This number of Whiskey
Rebellion rebels were arrested.
twenty
The rising cultivation of this crop
bolstered slavery in southern
states.
cotton
Margaret Brent petitioned this
organization for the right to vote
in 1648.
the Maryland General Assembly
These three Federalists wrote
the Federalist Papers.
Alexander Hamilton, James
Madison, John Jay
The Christian Moravian mission
was located in this Ohio city.
Gnadenhutten
This Saint-Domingue group was
the first to seize upon the ideals
of the French Revolution.
white planters
This woman was notable for
participating in battle, following
her husband who was a gunner
in the Pennsylvania artillery.
Mary Ludwig Hays
Colonial settlers from France and
England differed in this
significant way.
religious belief
The Townshend Acts taxed
these imported goods.
paper, glass, paint, oil, lead, tea
The British constructed Fort
Miami on this natural landmark.
the Maumee River
Samuel Adams gave the list of
grievances against George III
this title.
the “Catalogue of Crimes”
This event marks the end of the
first French revolution.
Napoleon’s rise to power
At the beginning of European
colonization, this key factor
weakened Native American
groups.
disease
The equestrian statue of George
III in New York was repurposed
to make these items.
musket balls
musket balls
During the winter of 1777, the
Continental Army was forced to
camp in the log cabins of this
region.
Valley Forge
Camp followers provided these
four essential services to the
army.
nursing, laundry, cooking, and
companionship
This act granted full United
States citizenship and voting
rights to Native Americans.
the Snyder Act
The American Revolution
challenged the idea of a political
order based on these divisions.
class “ranks”
Congress officially outlawed the
importation of enslaved Africans
in this year.
1808
Spain attempted to recover these
two Mediterranean territories
from the British.
Gibraltar and Menorca
This Federalist Paper argued
that the size of the United States
would prevent state interests
from abusing power.
Federalist No. 10
This state outlawed slavery in
1777.
Vermont
These two white American
groups benefited most from the
American Revolution.
yeoman farmers and urban
artisans
Antifederalists had this chief
complaint with the Constitution.
lack of protection for individual
liberties
This Patriot leader represented
the British soldiers in court to
ensure a fair trial.
John Adams
Washington’s farewell address
was published in this newspaper.
The Daily Advertiser
Southern plantations focused on
this type of crop in order to make
a profit.
cash
Colonel Barton and his men
sought to capture this British
general on their journey.
Richard Prescott
The phrase “safeguards of
liberty” refers to these
Constitutional amendments.
The first three
Thomas Paine was born in this
city.
Norfolk, England
This act organized the trans-
Appalachian West for white
settlement despite Native land
claims.
the Land Ordinance of 1785
This proclamation in November of 1775 offered freedom to slaves who escaped their Patriot enslavers and fought for the British cause.
Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation
European colonial expansion
accelerated in this century.
the seventeenth century
Under the Albany Plan, this
individual elected the president
of the colonial council.
the British monarch
After losing to Native warriors,
Josiah Harmar retreated to this
location.
Fort Washington
The land claims of these five
states were placed under federal
control after the 1787 Ordinance.
Pennsylvania, Virginia, New
York, Connecticut,
Massachusetts
James Madison initially proposed
this number of amendments to
the Constitution.
nineteen
One term at Mrs. Remington’s
Young Ladies Boarding School
cost this amount of money.
four dollars
The Royal Proclamation of 1763
outlawed this economic practice.
the private purchase of Native
American lands
The Americans repulsed this
number of British waves because
the Patriots held their fire at
Two
This term refers to colonists who
remained loyal to the British
crown during the Revolutionary
War.
Loyalists
John Hancock and Benedict
Arnold shared this occupation.
merchants
Margaret Brent wanted the right
to vote in order to achieve this
goal.
paying mercenaries to subdue a
Protestant insurrection
Increased taxes on the wealthy
went to support this French
revolutionary goal.
social security for the poor and
disabled
This man was the governor of
Massachusetts during the Bloody
Massacre.
Thomas Hutchinson
This newspaper published a list
of American casualties in the
Bloody Massacre.
the Boston Gazette
This French foreign minister
believed that peace between the
British and Americans would
severely hurt the French.
Charles Gravier
This part of the United States
Constitution allows state
legislatures to oversee federal
elections and voter eligibility.
Article 1
These two members of
Washington’s cabinet were bitter
political enemies.
Jefferson and Hamilton
Shays’ Rebellion was put down
in this city.
Petersham
This landmark became the
boundary between slave and
free states.
the Ohio River
British and American forces
fought mainly in these two
colonies during the summer of
1777.
New York and Vermont
This system perpetuated United
States government dominance
over Native American groups.
the annuity system
When Hamilton was Secretary of
the Treasury, national debt had
reached this amount.
fifty-four million dollars
The British focused their effort on
these four southern colonies in
1778.
Virginia, North Carolina, South
Carolina, and Georgia
These two events increased
tensions between American
colonists and the British
government.
the French and Indian War and
the Proclamation of 1763
Franklin’s observation of this
Native American group inspired
his Albany Plan.
the Iroquois
George Washington planned to
surprise attack these forces at
Trenton, New Jersey.
Hessian
Negotiations to resolve the
Revolutionary War started during
this month of 1782.
April
These three crops were called
the “Three Sisters.”
corn, beans, squash
The Friends of Order were led by
these two men.
Alexander Hamilton and John
Adams
This American diplomat
negotiated directly with British
Prime Minister William Petty.
John Jay
John Adams and Samuel Adams
attended this university.
Harvard
Under Comte de Vergennes’s
proposal, United States territory
would be limited to east of this
mountain range.
Appalachian Mountains
This man proposed the Albany
Plan, which encouraged a unified
colonial government.
Benjamin Franklin
This founding slaveholder was
one of the only ones to oppose
slavery eventually.
George Washington
Most of France’s Native
American allies in the Seven
Years’ War came from this
group.
the Algonquian
This revolution created strife in
the Dutch Republic in 1795.
Batavian Revolution
Armistead was finally
emancipated in this year.
1787
Margaret Brent belonged to this
Christian denomination.
Catholic
The Haitian Revolution abolished
this part of the labor market.
enslaved labor
These three states voted
unanimously to approve the
Constitution in their state
conventions.
Delaware, New Jersey, Georgia
The second phase of the
Revolutionary War centered
around this region of the
colonies.
Mid-Atlantic
Jefferson had an intimate
relationship with this enslaved
woman.
Sally Hemings
This event increased demand for
southern cotton in the north.
the Industrial Revolution
Anthony Wayne led this number
of American troops into Native
American territories in case
peace talks failed.
two thousand
Great Britain prohibited
American trade with this region.
the Caribbean
This action by American
colonists influenced Parliament’s
decision to repeal the Stamp Act.
boycott of English goods
This man wrote the Virginia Plan.
James Madison
The Haitian Revolution
particularly threatened this
institution.
American slavery
The federal government refused
to naturalize this group as
citizens until 1792.
Africans
This boundary separated Native
American and European-
American settlement in the Ohio
region.
the Greenville Treaty Line
The Constitutional Convention
was held in this building.
the Pennsylvania State House
John Adams served in this
organization before he worked
as an ambassador to Europe
during the Revolutionary War.
Continental Congress
These two places were the
leading producers of sugar in the
mid-eighteenth century.
Saint-Domingue and Jamaica
Boston’s population reached this
number in 1768.
sixteen thousand
This woman was notable for
enlisting in the Continental Army
under a man’s name.
Deborah Sampson
The causes of the American
Revolution can primarily be tied
to this conflict.
the Seven Years’ War
Rev. Thomas Barnard held his
“republican mothers” discussion
with the Female Charitable
Society of this town.
Salem, Massachusetts
Alexander Hamilton served as
lieutenant colonel under
Washington for this number of
years.
four
This number of Loyalists fled the
United States for Canada or
Great Britain near the end of the
Revolutionary War.
80,000
The Algonquian peoples fed
themselves through these
means.
hunting, fishing, and cultivating
crops
Jefferson and Burr won this
number of electoral votes in the
1800 election.
seventy-three
These groups approved the
Constitution.
popular conventions in each
state
These organizations were the
most influential within the free
Black community.
churches
This June 1775 declaration
proclaimed the neutrality of
Native Americans.
Oneida Declaration of Neutrality
This battle was the last major
military conflict of the
Revolutionary War.
Battle of Yorktown
The Powhatan resisted
colonizers in this colony.
Virginia
Philip Van Cortlandt fled his
home in this colony to escape
Patriot arrest.
New Jersey
These two states reopened the
Atlantic slave trade after the
Revolutionary War.
South Carolina and Georgia
These two Patriot leaders
supported the actions of the
Boston tea party.
Samuel and John Adams
James Otis wrote this pamphlet
protesting taxation without
representation.
“The Rights of the British
Colonists Asserted and
Defended”
Congress chose George
Washington to lead the
Continental Army instead of this
man.
John Hancock
Father Paul Le Jeune wrote and
edited this book about settler
efforts to convert Native
Americans to Christianity.
The Jesuit Relations
This internal problem between
British commanders caused
major issues during the Battle of
Saratoga.
miscommunication
Interactions between French
settlers and Native Americans
could be described in these two
ways.
long-term and frequent
The British attacked American
forts on this island on August 27,
1776.
Long Island
Burgoyne discovered that the
support of this group was weaker
than he expected in the New
York area.
Loyalist
This event was the first peaceful
transfer of political power in the
United States.
the election of 1800
This earlier document informed
the Fugitive Slave Clause.
the Northwest Ordinance
John Jay wrote this number of
the Federalist Papers.
five
The states ratified this number of
Constitutional amendments.
ten
This organization enforced the
tax policies of the Townshend
Acts.
the American Board of Custom
Commissioners
The Powhatan resisted
European expansion in this area
of Virginia.
west Virginia
This agreement split France’s
colonial holdings in North
America and ended the Seven
Years’ War.
the Treaty of Paris
These two European countries
dominated North American
colonial expansion in the mid-
eighteenth century.
Britain and France
This party won the presidential
election of 1800.
Democratic-Republicans
Iroquois dominance of this body
of water gave them an
advantage in negotiating with
European settlers.
the Great Lakes and its rivers
After this British leader took
charge of the military, the British
fared much better in North
America.
William Pitt
Mary Loker and Jane Goodenow
voted in Sudbury, Massachusetts
on this issue.
access to the common to graze
livestock
This number of Anglo-French
wars in the colonies stemmed
from warfare in Europe.
three
Because of this British legislation
to prevent American expansion,
the Native Americans mostly
support the British.
Proclamation of 1763
John Adams’s victories in these
states helped him win the
presidency.
the mid-Atlantic states
Pennsylvania militiamen killed
this number of Native Americans
at the Christian Moravian
mission in March of 1782.
96
The British desired to seize
control of this river in 1777 in
hopes of isolating the colonies.
Hudson River
Great Britain’s colonies spread
between these two modern-day
American states.
from Maine to Georgia
This historian is critical of the
benefits of republican
womanhood.
Linda Kerber
this river to protect land and
trading relations in the Ohio
River Valley.
Allegheny River
Ordinary Americans from this
economic group joined the
Antifederalists.
yeoman farmers
This formerly enslaved preacher
observed tensions between
Black and white congregants in
the north.
Richard Allen
Alexander Hamilton wrote this
number of the Federalist Papers.
fifty-one
The Oneida sent a message
declaring neutrality to the
governor of this colony.
New York
This act established a national
capital on the Potomac River.
the Residence Act
Daniel Dulany Jr.’s pamphlet
was published in this American
city.
Annapolis
Before the Townshend Acts, this
organization paid the salaries of
colonial governors.
colonial legislatures
Port Comfort lay near this major
American colony.
Jamestown
Between French and British
colonial holdings, this European
country possessed more land in
the New World.
France
Benedict Arnold fled to this
colony following John André’s
arrest.
Virginia
This revolutionary group was
reluctant to allow all men to vote.
Patriots
This amendment prohibits the
government from quartering
soldiers in civilian homes.
the Third Amendment
This number of Native American
soldiers were killed during St.
Clair’s Defeat.
fifty
This number of freed African
Americans lived in the north in
1810.
fifty thousand
These two states opposed the
proposed constitutional ban on
the transatlantic slave trade.
Georgia and South Carolina
This representative was arrested
under the Sedition Act and re-
elected to Congress while in
prison.
Matthew Lyon
This woman particularly agitated
for the liberty of thought during
the American revolution.
Eliza Wilkinson
The only time a sitting president
has led troops into combat was
George Washington’s attempt to
dispel this insurrection.
the Whiskey Rebellion
This Algonquian tribe resided
near Jamestown.
Powhatan
This colonist was the wife of
Continental Army Colonel Henry
Knox.
Lucy Flucker Knox
Patriot leaders Benedict Arnold
and Ethan Allen captured this
British fort.
Fort Ticonderoga
The American militia controlled
this territory, which was the only
land access to Boston.
Roxbury Neck
Under English common law, this
type of woman could own
property and sign contracts in
her own name.
widows
General Horatio Gates was
defeated at this battle on August
16, 1780.
Battle of Camden
This president repealed
Hamilton’s whiskey excise tax.
Thomas Jefferson
Hamilton’s whiskey excise tax
fell especially harshly on distillers
from this region.
the west
The British focused on this
geographic region of the colonies
during the third stage of the war.
southern
Hamilton proposed this solution
to America’s debt crisis.
federal assumption of state debt
Europeans and Americans held
this misguided belief about
enslaved persons and political
freedom.
that enslaved persons would not
maintain freedom
This Native American group was
the first to encounter European
colonists.
the Algonquians
American casualties in the Battle
of Fallen Timbers totaled this
number.
thirty-three dead and one
hundred wounded
These two proclamations offered
freedom to enslaved people with
Patriot enslavers.
Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation
and Philipsburg Proclamation
British and Native American
forces met William Crawford and
his men at this river, preventing
further conflict.
Sandusky River
Cornwallis refused to attend the
surrender at Yorktown for this
reason.
illness
The Stamp Act Congress met in
this colony.
New York
British lost this estimated
percentage of their total forces at
the Battle of Guilford
Courthouse.
27
This set of laws set restrictions
on trade between British colonies
and other nations.
Navigation Acts
Congress allowed for the
construction of this number of
frigates.
13
These groups attempted and
failed to prevent the seizure of
Native American lands by
English settlers.
colonial agents
This Federalist supporter wrote
most of the Federalist papers.
Alexander Hamilton
Commander Charles Hector was
also known by this name.
The Comte d’Estaing
British troops captured this
number of French soldiers at the
Battle of Jumonville Glen.
twenty-one
This part of the legislative branch
would be apportioned based on
population and the popular vote.
the House of Representatives
This part of the Constitution
compelled northern states to
return captured enslaved
persons to the south.
the Fugitive Slave Clause
Deborah Sampson was from this
Massachusetts city.
Plympton
These two proto-political parties
existed during Washington’s first
term as president.
the Friends of Order and the
Friends of Liberty
Revolutionary figures used this
document to challenge the
perceived inferiority of Africans.
the Declaration of Independence
This organization banned slavery
in Massachusetts.
the Massachusetts Supreme
Court
One-third of the African
American population in Maryland
obtained freedom through these
means.
manumission or purchasing
freedom
The Federalist Papers argued
these two key points.
necessity of strong central
government, separation of
power prevents tyranny
This man wrote the Virginia
Declaration of Rights.
George Mason
These five issues were most
important to the creation of the
Articles of Confederation.
sovereignty, Congressional
powers, western lands, voting,
judiciary
New Jersey gave voting rights to
all people whose wealth
amounted to this number and
above.
fifty pounds
Lucy Knox claimed that colonists
had to pay this number of
shillings for a pound of butter.
two
After the Treaty of Paris, France
controlled this region of North
America.
the Caribbean
Both the Continental Congress
and the British attempted but
ultimately failed to keep this
group of people out of the war.
Native Americans
Great Britain had approximately
this number of settlers in the
New World in 1756.
two million
Insurgents in Shays’ Rebellion
attempted to seize a federal
arsenal in this city.
Springfield
This document declared that the
colonies were threatening war
against Britain.
the Proclamation of Rebellion
Congress first met in this city.
New York
The Albany Congress laid the
foundation for these two latter
congresses.
the Stamp Act Congress and the
First Continental Congress
This delegate suggested
outlawing the transatlantic slave
trade in the constitution but
failed.
George Mason
Georgia allowed all men who
owned this amount of income to
vote in 1777.
ten pounds
The Treaty of Greenville limited
Native American political
autonomy by these means.
relinquishing control of some
territory, banning alliances
This French commander
departed from the attack on the
British in Savannah after twice
being wounded.
Charles Hector
Many Black churches used this
term to indicate solidarity and
identity.
“African”
John Jay negotiated this treaty
with Britain to promote peace
between Britain and America.
the Treaty of Amity, Commerce,
and Navigation, Between his
Britannic Majesty and the United
States of America
Enslavers imported this number
of people from Africa to Saint-
Domingue in 1787.
twenty thousand
When Hamilton was Secretary of
the Treasury, states had accrued
this amount of debt.
twenty-five million dollars
These founding slaveholders did
not manumit enslaved people
after their deaths.
Thomas Jefferson, James
Madison, George Mason
The nicknames “rebels,”
“Yankees,” and “Whigs” refer to
this same colonial group.
Patriots
This American political party
supported Britain in the
France/Britain conflict.
Federalists
These institutions educated
young women in the skills of
domesticity.
female academies/seminaries
Representatives from seven of the thirteen British colonies met in this city to discuss the tensions in the oncoming Seven Years’ War.
Albany, New York
This number of delegates
participated in the Constitutional
Convention.
fifty-five
Women in these types of cities
had the lowest birthrates on
average in 1810.
seaport cities
Freed African Americans were
denied these rights in the north.
voting, serving on juries,
testifying in court, holding
property, attending public
schools
In 1778, this general replaced
General Howe as commander of
the British forces in America.
Sir Henry Clinton
In this battle, Native Americans
dealt federal forces their greatest
defeat.
St. Clair’s Defeat
The Virginia Plan was also
known by this name due to its
emphasis on population-
weighted representation.
the Large-State Plan
The British Army helped to free
this number of slaves in an
attempt to weaken the colonies.
3,000-10,000
Paul Revere created these
propaganda pieces to support
the Revolution.
illustrations
The British outflanked
Washington’s forces during this
battle on September 11, 1777.
Battle of Brandywine
The delegates controversially
removed this claim about George
III’s power over America.
George III enslaving the
colonies
British officials sent 220 troops to
secure this bridge upon arriving
in Concord.
North Bridge
A single laborer required ten
hours to produce this amount of
pure cotton fiber.
one pound
The Siege of Charleston ended
on this date in 1780 following
Lincoln’s surrender.
May 12th
These three leaders wanted the
nation’s capital to be on the
Potomac River.
Jefferson, Madison, and
Washington
The United States claimed
fishing rights off the coast of this
North American territory.
Canada
These three congressional
delegates led the pro-
independence faction in 1776.
John Adams, Samuel Adams,
and Richard Henry Lee
George Washington attacked a
French scouting party in this
colonial region, starting the
Seven Years’ War.
Pennsylvania
This printer created the first
copies of the Declaration of
Independence.
John Dunlap
France provided aid to America
during the Revolutionary War for
this reason.
to weaken Britain
Only this number of states had to
approve the Constitution for it to
go into effect.
nine
Female education led to this
major social change in America.
closing the literacy gap between
men and women
This French revolutionary
document proclaimed that all
men were free and equal.
“Declaration of the Rights of
Man and of the Citizen”
Both George Washington and
Benjamin Tallmadge organized
this spy network.
Culper Spy Ring
The congressional delegate from
this colony led the movement to
reconcile with Britain.
Pennsylvania
This American revolutionary
figure received a key to the
Bastille.
George Washington
Some African Americans
achieved freedom by joining this
organization in the Revolutionary
War.
the British Army
This state placed legal
restrictions on manumission in
1792.
Virginia
This British term refers to the
British plan to seize the southern
colonies.
Southern Strategy
This French leader held power
before the French Revolution.
Louis XVI
The New Jersey Plan’s
emphasis on one-vote-per-state
gave it this alternate name.
the Small State Plan
Rev. Thomas Barnard told this
organization that women ought
to serve as “republican mothers.”
the Female Charitable Society
of Salem, Massachusetts
The Friends of Liberty later
morphed into this political party.
the Democratic-Republican
Party
Women in seaport cities gave
birth to this number of children
on average in 1810.
four children
This parliamentary act revoked
Massachusetts’s charter and
limited its colonial power.
the Massachusetts Government
Act
This British force served as an
important liberator for enslaved
African Americans.
Army
William Pitt concentrated these
resources on the Seven Years’
War.
troops, funds, and leadership
The revenue from Townsend Act
taxes paid the salaries of these
government positions.
governors and judges
This state marked the western
boundary of enslaved labor in
1860.
Texas
Planters from this state formed
the Ohio Company in 1749.
Virginia
Under New Jersey’s voting laws,
only this type of woman could
vote.
single
Approximately this number of
slaves fled Georgia following
Clinton’s Philipsburg
Proclamation.
5,000
Many freed African Americans
could not support themselves
after manumission for this
reason.
Inability to practice occupations
learned while enslaved
Native American defenders in
the Battle of Fallen Timbers were
caught unawares for this reason.
expecting a rain delay
Congress mobilized this number
of soldiers and re-established the
navy to prepare for conflict with
France.
ten thousand
The Ohio Company secured this
number of acres of land in the
Ohio River Valley.
two hundred thousand
George Washington’s inaugural
address emphasized these two
features of the newly formed
Constitution.
amendments and individual
The first female seminary was
founded in this city.
Troy, New York
Martha Washington joined
George Washington at his winter
quarters at this campsite.
Valley Forge
James Madison’s Virginia Plan
suggested these three branches
of government.
bicameral legislature, executive,
and judiciary
The Miami capital of Kekionga is
located near this modern city.
Fort Wayne, Indiana
The supplementary curriculum at
Mrs. Remington’s Young Ladies
Boarding School included these
courses.
drawing, painting, embroidery,
needlework, filigree
This number of enslaved peoples
were forced to migrate within the
United States to meet labor
demands.
one million
Representatives from these
colonies attended the Albany
Congress.
Connecticut, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, Rhode Island,
New York, Pennsylvania,
Maryland
This type of status mostly
determined political affiliations
during the Revolution.
economic
Robert Dinwiddie was the
governor of this colony.
Virginia
Mrs. Remington’s Young Ladies
Boarding School was located in
this city.
Augusta, Maine
The British constructed this fort
on the Maumee River to avoid an
attack on Fort Detroit.
Fort Miami
Washington and Rochambeau’s
joint army started their march
this number of miles south of
New York.
three hundred
This man was the second
President of the United States.
John Adams
This Continental Army officer felt
unappreciated by senior officers
and the Continental Congress.
Benedict Arnold
Parliament passed a law in January of 1782 prohibiting this British force from any additional offensive attacks in North America.
Army
These northern states
maintained systems of slavery
until the 1840s.
Pennsylvania, Connecticut, New
Hampshire, New Jersey
American militias met Ferguson
and his Loyalist forces at this
mountain near the border of
North and South Carolina.
Kings Mountain
Under this practice, Britain
pursued a “hands-off” approach
to the colonies and enforced
parliamentary laws loosely.
salutary neglect
The Marquis de Lafayette held
this position in the French
government.
member of Estates General
This delegate wanted to delay a
declaration of independence until
America secured foreign allies.
John Dickinson
Britain received these French
lands in the Treaty of Paris.
Quebec and the Ohio Valley
Eliza Wilkinson came from this
American colony.
South Carolina
The coast Algoquians were along were
the Atlantic Coast,
The Lake Bodies the Alonguian were along
the Great
Lakes
The River the Alonguian were along
the St. Lawrence River
White slavers illegally imported African enslaved peoples from (blank) and Mexico
Spanish Florida
White slavers illegally imported African enslaved peoples from Spanish Florida and (blank current nation)
Mexico
Free African Americans faced discrimination from white workers for fear of job competition and
fear of social integration
Free African Americans faced discrimination from white workers for fear of job competition and
social integration
By what year were there 30,000 slaves in the northern colonies
1810
Albany Congress Started
June 19, 1754
Albany Congress Ended
July 11, 1754
Boston King and other formerly enslaved people settled in Nova Scotia and (2 Word blank) following evacuation from the United States.
Sierra Leone
Boston King and other formerly enslaved people settled in Sierra Leone and (2 Word blank) following evacuation from the United States.
Nova Scotia
Jefferson pursued these three
presidential policies: dismantling taxes, reducing (blank), paying off government debt
army and navy
Jefferson pursued these three
presidential policies: dismantling (blank), reducing army and navy, paying off
government debt
taxes
