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Social Psychology > Social Psychology Methods > Flashcards

Social Psychology Methods Flashcards

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1
Q

What is self report data

A

Any method that relies on the individual own report of their views/symptoms/attitude etc

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2
Q

What are the different types of self report data in social psychology

A

Interviews

Questionnaires

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3
Q

What are researcher effects

A

Where the characteristics of the researcher impact the results, due to age gender religion etc

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4
Q

Different types of interviews

A

Structured

Semi-structured

Unstructured

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5
Q

What are the advantages of a structured interview

A

Easily repeated and the same for everyone improving reliability

Much quicker than semi-structure or unstructured

Do not need trained researchers

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6
Q

What are the disadvantages of a structured interview

A

Not necessarily valid as the pp are restricted in their answer and so they may not answer completely accurately

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7
Q

What are the advantages of semi-structured interview

A

More valid than a structured interview

Higher reliability than an unstructured interview

Allowing for a decent degree of both reliability and validity

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8
Q

Disadvantages of semi-structured interviews

A

Less valid than unstructured interview and less reliable than structured

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9
Q

Advantages of unstructured interviews

A

High validity

Deeper understanding

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10
Q

Disadvantages of unstructured

A

Require trained researchers

Not reliable as the interview could be different for all pp

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11
Q

What are the two types of questions

A

Open and closed

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12
Q

Describe open questions

A

Allow the pp to have freedom in their answer allowing them to expand

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13
Q

Describe closed questions

A

Where the pp is restricted in their answer and can only respond via a yes/no or ranked scale option

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14
Q

What is the alternative hypothesis

A

The hypothesis that states there will be a relationship between the two variables you are studying and if accepted rejects the null hypothesis

Can be directional or non directional

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15
Q

Different types of sample selection

A

Random

Stratified

Volunteer

Opportunity

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16
Q

Opportunity sampling

A

Choosing whoever is available at the time and fits your description

17
Q

Volunteer sampling

A

Where pp self select themselves to be part of a study

18
Q

Stratified sampling

A

Where the target population is split into groups that represent the target population
The researchers sample should then be representative of the target population

19
Q

Random sampling

A

Where everyone has an equal chance of being selected for the study

20
Q

Advantages of opportunity sampling

A

Researcher has more control over who is asked

Gather sample relatively quickly

21
Q

Disadvantages of opportunity sampling

A

More chance of bias as researcher could select participants they feel will support their hypothesis

Might not be representative of the target population

22
Q

Advantages of volunteer sampling

A

Gather sample quickly

Easier to do

Could potentially choose from your volunteers and don’t have to select all of them

23
Q

Disadvantages of volunteer sampling

A

They could all be similar and share similar characteristics as they all chose to select themselves, impacting generalisability

They could also be more interested and so trying to guess what the study is about potentially leading to demand characteristics

24
Q

Advantages of stratified sampling

A

Each group of the target population is represented, making the sample more representative and so improving generalisability

25
Q

Disadvantages of stratified sampling

A

Difficult to do

Time consuming

Hard to accurately assess the make up and different groups within the target population

26
Q

Advantages of random sampling

A

No bias

Easy

Quick

27
Q

Disadvantages of random sampling

A

Difficult to ensure everyone is represented

28
Q

Measures of central tendency

A

Mean

Median

Mode

29
Q

How to calculate mean

A

Add them up divide by how many there are

30
Q

How to calculate median

A

Write out list of data and choose middle

31
Q

How to calculate mode

A

Read through data to count which piece of data is most common

32
Q

Measures of dispersion

A

Range and standard deviation

33
Q

How to calculate range

A

Biggest value in dataset minus smallest

34
Q

Definition of standard deviation

A

How far each point differentiates from the mean

35
Q

What does a small standard deviation mean

A

High reliability

36
Q

How to calculate standard deviation

A

(Value-mean)squared

Add all values up

Use equation in exam paper

37
Q

What are the BPS (2009) ethical guidelines

A

Protection from harm

Informed consent

Confidentiality

Right to withdraw

Deception

Debrief

Observation

Social Psychology (8 decks)

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