Social Psychology Flashcards
Self concept/self identity
defined as the sum of an individuals knowledge and understanding of his or herself. All your beliefs about who you are as a person
self-consciousness
awareness of one’s self, self-concept includes physical, psychological and social attributes which can be influenced by the indificuals attitudes, habits, beliefs and ideas
Self-schemas
beliefs a person has about him or her self. Guide and organize the processing of information that is relevant to you
Personal identity
one’s own sense of personal attributes
Social identity
social definitions of who you are (race, religion, gender, occupation)
Theory of self verification
states that individuals want to be understood in terms of their deeply held core beliefs
Self-reference effect
tendency to better remember information relative to ourselves
Carl Rogers
said that personality is composed of the ideal self and the real self
Ideal self
constructed out of your life experiences, societal experiences and the things you admire about role models
Real self
person you actually are
Incongruity
ideal self is often impossible to meet and is when the real self falls short of the ideal self
Impression management
process whereby we attempt to manage our own image by influencing the perception of others
Dramatergic perspective
stems from the theory of symbolic interactionism. We imagine ourselves as playing certain. roles when interacting with others
Back stage self
let down our guard and act like ourselves
Front stage self
craft the way we come across to others
Self efficacy
how good you think you are at doing something. High = you think you are good at doing something, Low = you believe you are bad at doing something
Locus of control
whether you think you have control over what happens to you
Internal locus of control
believe you have control over events
External locus of control
do not believe you have control over events
Learned helplessness
in extreme situations where people are exposed to situations they cannot control, learn not to. act because they. believe it will not affect the outcome anyways. Low self efficacy and a high external locus of control
Aversive control
occurs when behaviour is motivated by the reality. or threat of something unpleasant happening
Escape behaviour
termination of an unpredicted, unpleasant stimulus that has already occurred
Avoidance behaviour
avoidance of a predictable, unpleasant stimulus before it is initiated
Self esteem
one’s overall self-evaluation of one’s self-worth
Social learning theory
belief that learning takes place in social contexts and can occur purely through observation, even in the absence of motor reproduction. or direct reinforcement
social comparison theory
drive to gain accurate self-evaluations by comparing ourselves to others. Our identity will be shaped. by these comparisons and the types of reference groups we have
Looking-glass self
idea that a person’s sense of self development from interpersonal interactions with others in society and. the perceptions of others. People shape their self-concepts based on their understanding of how others percieve them
Social behaviourism
developed by George Herbert Mead. The idea that the mind and self emerge through the process of communicating with others
