social psychology

Question 1

The desire to establish and maintain many rewarding interpersonal relationships refers to what principle in social psychology?

Answer 1

affiliation

Question 2

When people are in uncertain situations, they tend to compare themselves to others in order to obtain information about their own abilities, feelings, and other attributes. This is referred to as what?

Answer 2

social comparison theory

Question 3

Under what condition does the mere exposure effect not typically apply?

Answer 3

when a first impression was very negative, we don’t typically grow to like the person more

Question 3

What are the four factors that affect attraction?

Answer 3

mere exposure, similarity, pratfall effect, and gain-loss effect

Question 4

Within social psychology, the term similarity refers to what tendency?

Answer 4

people are often attracted to others who share similarities of important characteristics

Question 5

What is the mere exposure effect?

Answer 5

the tendency for people to like things/others simply because they see or encounter them often

Question 6

When a competent person commits a blunder, others are likely to view them as more attractive as they have now been humanized. This is an example of what phenomenon in social psychology?

Answer 6

pratfall effect

Question 7

According to the pratfall effect, if a mediocre person commits a blunder, how is our perception of them likely to change?

Answer 7

they will be seen as less attractive

Question 8

As highlighted within the gain-loss effect, if someone initially doesn’t like us then we win them over, we are likely to find them _______ attractive, whereas if someone initially likes us but then grows to not like us, we are likely to find them _______.

Answer 8

more attractive; less attractive

Question 9

“Likers are more likeable” refers to what social psychology concept?

Answer 9

generalized reciprocity

Question 10

Two specific people like and are attracted to one another. This is an example of what social psychology concept?

Answer 10

dyadic reciprocity

Question 11

Between dyadic and generalized forms of reciprocity, which has the stronger effect?

Answer 11

dyadic reciprocity

Question 12

What does the emotions-in-relationships model posit?

Answer 12

When a partner in a relationship does something unexpected, the other partner typically experiences intense emotions.

Question 13

When a partner engages in an unexpected behavior with a positive outcome, their partner’s emotional reaction will likely be __________, whereas when their unexpected behavior renders a negative outcome, their partner’s emotional reaction will likely be __________.

Answer 13

positive emotional reaction; negative emotional reaction

Question 13

What happens to the strength of the emotions-in-relationships model across time and increasing duration of a relationship?

Answer 13

effect decreases over time as it becomes less and less likely for a partner to engage in unexpected behavior

Question 14

When it comes to infidelity, women are likely to exhibit stronger negative responses to __________ infidelity whereas men are likely to exhibit stronger negative responses to __________ infidelity.

Answer 14

emotional; sexual

Question 15

What is posited by the double-shot hypothesis?

Answer 15

Women assume that men who are involved in an emotional affair are also having sex; they might also be just having sex (less bad). Men assume that women who are involved in a sexual affair are also emotionally entangled; they might also just be engaged in emotional infidelity (less bad).

Question 16

When it comes to attraction, women are likely to seek out male partners with which characteristic?

Answer 16

higher earning capacity demonstrated by ambition and industriousness

Question 17

When it comes to attraction, men are likely to seek out female partners with what characteristic?

Answer 17

higher physical attractiveness that suggests fertility and childbearing capabilities