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social psychology Flashcards

1
Q

what are intrapersonal topics?

A

emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition

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2
Q

what are interpersonal topics

A

helping behavior, aggression, prejudice and discrimination, attraction and close relationship, and group processess and intergoup relationships.

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3
Q

what do social psychologists believe

A

they believe that an indiviudal’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by social situations.

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4
Q

what is situationsism

A

the view that our behavior and actions are determined by out immediate enviorment and surroundings

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5
Q

what is disponsitionism

A

the view that our behavior is determined by internal factors

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6
Q

what is fundamental attribution error

A

tendency to overemphasize internal factors as explanations/attributions for the behavior of other people and underestimate the power of the situation

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7
Q

why do people fail to recognize when a person;s behavior is due to situational variables

A

because of fundamental attribution error

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8
Q

where is fundamental attribution error commonly found?

A

in individualistic cultures

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9
Q

what is actor-observer bias

A

phenomen of explaining other people’s behaviors are due to internal factors and our own behaviors are due to situational factors

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10
Q

what is self serving bias

A

tendency of an individual to take credi tby making dispositional or internal attributions for positive outcomes but situational or external attributions for negative outcomes

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11
Q

what is attribution

A

a belief about the cause of a result

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12
Q

what is locus of control

A

internal vs external

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13
Q

what is stabilty

A

extent to which the circumstances are changeable

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14
Q

what is controllability

A

extent to whicih the circumstances can be controlled

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15
Q

what is just-world hypothesis

A

belief that people get the outcomes they deserve

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16
Q

what is a social role

A

a pattern o fbehavior that is expected of a peson in a given setting or group

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17
Q

what is a script

A

a person’s knoweldge about the experience fo events expected in a specific setting

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18
Q

what is attitude

A

our evalution of a peson, an idea, or an object

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19
Q

what are the 3 components of attitude

A

affective, behavioral, cognitive

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20
Q

what is the affective componenet of attitude

A

the emotions or feelings one has towards a certain object

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21
Q

what is the behavioral component of attitude

A

how we act or behave towards an object or subject

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22
Q

what is the cognitive component of behavior

A

how people interpret their attitudes

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23
Q

what is cognitive dissonance

A

psychological discomfort arising from holding two or more inconsistent attitudes, behaviors, or cognitions

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24
Q

what is an example of cognitive dissonance

A

smoking cigarettes even though you know they are bad for you

25
how can individuals reduce cognitive dissonance
changer their behavior, change their belief through rationalization or denial, add a new cognition
26
what are the two paths of persusion
the central route and the peripheral route
27
what is the central route of persuasion
it is logic driven and it is the direct route to persuasion.
28
what is the peripheral route of persuasion
it is the indirect route and it uses perperal cues to associate positivity with the message
29
what is the foot-in-the -door technique
persuader gets a peson to agree to a small favor, only to later request a larger favor
30
what is confromity
the change in a person's behavior to go along with the group, even if he does not agree witht he group
31
what is the asch effect
the influence of the group majority on an indiviudal's judgement
32
what factors can make a person likely to conform
the size of the majority, the presence of another dissenter. the public or private nature of the responses.
33
what is normative social influence
people conform to the gorup norm to fit in, to feel good, and to be accepted by the group
34
what is informational social influence
people conform because they believe the gorup is competent and has the correct infromation
35
what is obedience
the change of an indiviuals behavior to comply with a demand by an authority figure
36
what is group think
the modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus
37
what is group polarization
the strengthening of an original group attitude after the discussion of views within a group
38
what is social facilition
occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the person does the behavior alone
39
what is social loathing
the exertion of less effor by a peson working together with a group
40
what is prejudice
a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based soley on one's membership in particular social group
41
what is a stereotype
a specific belief or assumption about indiviudals based soley on their membership in a group
42
what is discirmination
a negative action toward an individual as a result of one's membership in a particualr group
43
what are in-groups
a group that we identify with or see ourselves belonging tow
44
what are outgroups
a group that we view as fundamentally different from us
45
what is in group bias
prejudice and discrimination becasue the out-group is percieved as differnt and is less preferred than our in-group
46
what is scapegoating
the act of blaming an uot-group when the in-group experiences frsutration r is blcoked from obtaining a goal
47
what is aggression
seeking to cause harm or pain to another person
48
what is hostile aggression
motivated by feeling of anger with intent to cause pain
49
what is instrumental aggression
motivated by achieving a goal and does not necesarily involve intent to cause pain
50
what is evolutionary thoery of aggression
aggression serves as an evolutionary function
51
what is the bystander effect
phenomennom in which a witness/bystander does not volunteeer to help a viction or person in distress
52
what is prosocial behavior
voluntary behavior with the intent to help other people
53
what is altruism
people's desire to help others even if the costs outweigh th ebenefits of helping
54
what is proximity
the people with whom you have the most contactsi
55
what is simlarity
people who are similar to us in background, attitudes, and lifestyle
56
what is homophli
the tendency for people to form social networks with others who are similar
57
wiaht is reciporicty
the give and take in relationships.
58
what is self disclosure
the sharing of personal information
59

psychology (4 decks)

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