social psychology

Question 1

How does the fundamental attribution error determine our reaction to others in a stressful situation?

Answer 1

• if we assume someone can do something and they arent doing it, that can make us angry or upset with them in a stressful sitation
• cause us to downplay others stress if we percieve what they are stressed about to not be a big deal

Question 2

2. How might ‘diffusion of responsibility’ jeopardize a ‘Mission to Mars?’

Answer 2

• if the astronauts pass off responsilibty to others because they dont want to do it, things might nit get done
• astronuats in mars need to be decisive and not afraid to voice their opinion

Question 3

3. Describe why influence of authority and cognitive dissonance need to be incorporated into
   mission training for astronauts.

Answer 3

• cant go along with what others are doing even if the rest of the group agrees or you think they are in power over you
• lets say the group is not satisfied with how muh food they are getting so they are taking from the food reserve for the rest of the mission/ in case of energancy. You disagree with this but everyone else is doing it. also, one of the astronuats who is more senior than you tells you its okay. the astronauts need to recognize this and voice their opinion. they cant be eat more food becasye they will run out for the rest of the trip

Question 4

4. Outline three concepts from social psychology that would substantiate planning an unpiloted
   mission to Mars; a piloted mission to Mars.*

Answer 4

Unpiolted:

Question 5

eusocial

Answer 5

• true, full, ideal
• some bees are eusocial

Question 6

social processes

Answer 6

the ways our thought, feeling, and actions are influecnes by the people around us and the real or percieved pressures we experince from others

Question 7

cognitive processes

Answer 7

• the ways our understanding knowledge, thoughts, experiences, guide our understanding of the world (and our actions)

Question 8

fundamental attribution error

Answer 8

• overestimation of another persons behavious as a result of dispositional character (their personality)
• it identifies ones failure to appreciate the context in which another is acting
• how people present themselves to you influecnes decisions/opinions you have on them
• fils for you to understand other perseons perspective
• ex. you meet somone after work everyday and they hate their job so you think they are a mean/angry person, but really they are only mad about their job

Question 9

cognitive dissonance

Answer 9

• an internal situation of (mental) conflict regarding attitudes, belifes or ideas. that is, the ideas of the individual contradict what they feel obligated to think
• cognitive dissonance distrubes our internal desires to achieve cognitive consistency
• conflicted opinions
• “i believe this but I want to fit in/conform”
• do what others are doing even if you dont agree with it

Question 10

influence of authority

Answer 10

• the ffect and individual, in percieved or real position of power, has upon another’s behavious and/or belifes. without this external effect, the reciever of the influence would not (necessarily) behave in such a manner
• wouldnt normall act that way but you are listening to a person in chrage
• your reaction to someone that you percieve to have authority over you
• could be positive or negative

Question 11

group think

Answer 11

• a social construct in which the collabortive mindset of a group subdues the individualism, creativity and/or risk perception of an individual
• the result is conformity, but can also lead to indiscretion and dysfunction
• align woth the group
• do what everyone else does
• can generate dissonance (in species with increased cognitative ability)
• group pressures individual thoughts

Question 12

diffusion of responsibility and the bystander effect

Answer 12

• a social construct where an individual is less likely o act or take lead towards an activity when in a group. that is, there is an assumption that someone else will act
• someone else will help… not my problem
• brings in group think and cognitive dissonance
• someone will take care of it; i dont want to be the person to stand out
• “what is someone thinks something of me? what if I get hurt?”

Question 13

death on mt everst

Answer 13

• costs lots of money to go to everst and it is one of the harshest environemnts
• what if you were almost at the summit and someone with you needed help. what would you do? would you stop and help?
• more peopme have died on everst in 2010s than any other decade

Question 14

liverpool experience

Answer 14

• when in a group, it is easier to pass off responsiblity to other
• when people appear more respectable, they get help quicker

Question 15

has the pandemic had an overall psoitive or negative effect on social interaction? what social psych concepts help explain this?

Answer 15

• pathogen avoidence is a fundament human drive
• perceieving real or imagined threats influecnes our cognitive and behavioural processes
• during the covid pandemic, threats related to health and pathogenic infection have been especially prominent
• group think: everyone is wearing a mask, i will wear a mask. and vice versa.
• influence of authority: someone you belev to be in power over you tells you to avoid anyone not wearing a mask to do so. or they tell you to not be friends with people who arent vaccinated, you do so
• cognitive dissonance:
• fundamental attribution error: someone isnt vaccinated. you assume they are antivacc and you dont agree with that. they really cant get vaccinated due to other health problems