Social Psychology Flashcards
(30 cards)
What was Milgrams Aim and Sample?
40 men 20-50y/o
Volunteer sample
To see if German people were more obedient than others.
To see if authority figures impacted obedience.
Describe Milgrams procedure.
1) Rigged draw, ppt was always the teacher.
2) Watched confederate (Mr Wallace) be strapped to a chair in another room.
3) Given a 45V sample shock.
4) Told to increase the V by 15V for every wrong answer given.
What was Milgrams Results and Conclusion?
100% obeyed to 300V
65% obeyed to 450V
Americans are just as obedient as German people.
In the presence of authority, ordinary people will obey orders even if it makes them uncomfortable.
What were the procedural differences of V7 - Telephone Instructions?
The experimenter left the room after the sample shock.
Instructions given over the phone.
Prods such as “you must continue” were given over the phone.
How many fully obeyed in V7?
22.5%
What were the procedural differences in V10 - Run Down Office
The experiment took place in Bridgeport.
Done by a private business.
The office was scarcely furnished.
How many fully obeyed in V10?
48%
What were the procedural differences in V13 - Ordinary Man?
Only had 20 ppts.
The experimenter did not tell the ppts to increase the shocks.
The experimenter left the room.
The second confederate suggested increasing the voltage.
How many fully obeyed in V13?
20%
What was Burgers aim and sample?
49 women, 31 men.
Volunteer sample.
To study obedience in a more ethical way.
The sample were screened for mental health issues.
What was the procedure in Burgers Baseline experiment?
1) Rigged draw, ppts were always the teacher.
2) Ppts given a 15V sample shock
3) Told to increase the V by 15V for each wrong answer.
4) Experiment stopped at 150V when the confederate complained about heart problems and refused to continue.
What was the procedure in Burgers Model refusal experiment?
1) Rigged draw, confederate was teacher 1, ppt was teacher 2.
2) The confederate increased the voltage by 15V for each wrong answer until 90V. The confederate then refused to continue.
3) The ppt was asked to continue the experiment, from where the confederate had stopped.
4) The experiment stopped at 150V when the confederate complained about heart issues and refused to continue.
What were the results from the baseline experiment?
70% obeyed fully.
What were the results from the model refusal experiment?
63.3% obeyed fully.
What did Burger find about obedience and gender?
There is no significant difference in obedience between genders.
What was Burgers conclusion?
People are still as obedient as in the 1960s.
You can research obedience somewhat ethically.
Authority impacts obedience.
What was Sherif’s sample and aim?
20 boys aged 10-11 from Oklahoma
Matched on IQ and sporting ability.
To see if the formation of in-groups and our-groups would create prejudice, and if super ordinate goals would decrease prejudice.
What was Sherif’s procedure?
1) In Group Formation phase
- the boys groups were named rattlers and eagles, creating group identification
2) Friction phase
- the boys competed in baseball, and bean counting to win prizes such as knives
3) Integration phase
- the boys were given super ordinate goals such as chipping in for a movie, and fixing the water supply.
What were Sherif’s results for the In-group formation phase?
There was a sense of identity formed within the groups.
What were Sherif’s results in the friction phase?
The boys called eachother names e.g. ‘stinker’ and ‘sneak’
Fights occurred, as did raids (stealing and burning flags)
What did Sherif conclude?
Competition and scarce resources cause prejudice.
Prejudice can be reduced by super ordinate goals.
Individual differences
- personality
Authoritarian personality increases obedience.
Individual differences
- gender
Females are more obedient.
Individual differences
- locus of control
External locus of control increases obedience.
