Social Perception And Behavior Flashcards
Social perception/cognition
Make judgements and impressions on others
Components of social perception
Perceiver, target, situation
Impression bias
Selection of cues to form interpretations of others
1)Reliance on central traits (categorize)
“Intelligent, trustworthy, etc.”
2) Primacy effect “1st impression most important”
3) Recency effect “most recent info is most important”
4)Implicit personality theory
“Judgements on personality are made quickly, often subconsciously” (stereotyping)
Halo effect
Judgement on specific aspect of individual can be affected by overall impression of individual
Just world hypothesis
Consequences due to universal restoring force (similar to karma)
“Good things happen to good people”
Self serving bias
Self identity and perception
“Own success based on internal factors”
“Failures based on external factors”
Attribution theory
“What should I credit/blame for this person’s behavior?”
Dispositional (attribution theory)
Internal- relate to person, including beliefs, attitudes, and personality
Situational (attribution theory)
External- Relate to surroundings, threats, money, social norm
Types of cues (attribution theory)
Consistency cues
Consensus cues (deviate from social norm?)
Distinctiveness cues
Fundamental attribution error
Biased toward dispositional rather than situational attributions, especially in negative contexts
Cultural attribution
Individualist cultures- high value on personal goals “Most Western culture”
–> dispositional bias
Collectivist cultures- high value on conformity and interdependence “Many Asian/African cultures”
–> situational
