Social Nutrition Flashcards
What is the difference between a food intolerance and a food allergy?
Food intolerance = sensitivity to food
Food allergy = severe reaction to food (immunological response)
What is an anaphylactic reaction?
An extreme reaction, needing immediate medical treatment
What is coeliac disease?
An allergy to the protein gluten in cereals/barley/rye
Gluten damages the lining of the intestine (flattens the villi) and prevents nutrients from being absorbed. Symptoms include :
🟢weight loss, anaemia, bloating ,diarrhoea
What does it mean to be lactose intolerant?
Not able to digest lactose
What are dietary reference values?
Estimates of the amounts of nutrients needed for good health, (a general term used to cover all figures)
What are Estimated average requirements?
The amount which any stated group of people will on average need
*used for individuals
What are reference nutrient intakes?
The amount of a nutrient which is enough for at least 97% of the population
What are The lower reference nutrient intakes?
An amount which covers needs for 3% of population, not enough for most people
What is the DRV of total fat needed from total energy?
33%
What is the DRV of saturated fat needed from total energy?
10%
What is the DRV of carbohydrates are needed from total energy?
47%
What is the DRV for folate?
200gm
What is the DVR for calcium?
Women = 800mg
Men =700mg
What is the DVR for iron?
WoMen 14.8mg
Men 8.7mg
What is the DRV of sugars needed from total energy?
10%
What is the DRV of NSP needed from total energy?
12-24g
What is the DRV of protein needed from total energy?
Female 45g
Make 55g
What is social nutrition?
The nutritional requirements of different groups
What is the difference between nutritional and dietary factors?
Nutritional address which nutrients they need
Dietary are any other things
What are some nutritional factors for infants?
🟣increased protein
🟣iron
🟣calcium
🟣vitamin D to secure the calcium phosphate crystals
🟣limiting sugary foods
What are some dietary factor of children
🟣regular meals, creates a routine in appetite
🟣sitting down as a family
🟣small proportions
🟣brightly coloured plates to make more attractive
🟣never using food as a reward or weapon
What are the 8 tips for healthy eating?(general)
🟣base meals of starchy foods, high in NSP, vitamins(B), IRON , CALCIUM and not that high in calories
🟣more fruit &veg, fibre and vitamins, water
🟣oily fish (salmon, mackerel), protein, omega 3 fatty acids and vitamin D(prevents osteoporosis
🟣less sugar, diabetes, tooth decay, spikes insulin
🟣less fat(although needed for KEAD viatmin) , can lead to obesity, CHD
🟣exercise
🟣not skipping breakfast, more likely to eat food high in fat and sugar later on(snacking)
what are some tips for pre- conceptual women?
*pre conceptual is 3 months before
Incease:
🟣increase folic acid(B6) to 400 μg, decreasing chances of spina biffida. Found in leafy green vegetables
🟣increase calories, energy needed to carry baby. But don’t overeat as this will lead to weight gain
🟣zinc, supports growth of organs , breasts, uterus and placenta
🟣fibre, fruit &veg
🟣calcium and vit D for bone and tooth development
Decrease:
🟣spicy foods, hard for digestion
🟣fat/sugar, contribute to weight gain
🟣avoid alcohol
🟣unpasteurised cheese, listeria
🟣liver, high Vitamin A
🟣decrese tea , coffe, tannine and caffine hindering the absorption of iron/ zinc
only gain of 10-12kg
Describe what happens in cases like a nut allergy :
Anaphylactic reaction. Body reacts too strongly and immediately, the blood vessels start to leak, causing breathing difficulties and maybe even death.
*treated with adrenaline
What are the food options for coeliac people?
Naturally gluten free:
Chickpea flour,rice,eggs,quinoa, buckwheat, potato flour, cashew flour,(xanthan gum)
Free from:
❌Expensive and may be some remains
Describe lactose intolerance
Person cannot digest lactose
What are some examples of foods that can cause an allergic reaction?
Milk, eggs,peanuts,tree nuts, fish,celery, shellfish
general RNI
- <33% energy from fat
- 47% energy from starchs/ carbohyfrates
- 10% for saturated fats and sugars
- 30g NSP per day
- 45g protein for women, 55g for men
what is energy needed for?
- heart beating
- keeping us warm
- all organs working well
- movement
- chemical reactions(digesting food)
- store of energy (fat stores)
what are the functions of protein
- groth
- repair body tissue (after illness)
- enzumes for metabolism are made form proteins
- hormones aree compaosed of proteins
- secondary source of energy
what are the functions of protein
- groth
- repair body tissue (after illness)
- enzumes for metabolism are made form proteins
- hormones aree compaosed of proteins
- secondary source of energy
what are the deficenies of proteiin?
- growth slows down or stops
- digestive upsts as enzymes are not produced
- liver fails to fucntion normally
- muscles become weak, limbs are thin
