Social Learning Theory Flashcards
What determines human behaviour? (3)
Environmental factors
Cognitive factors
Behavioural factors
Explain Bandura’s theory of Reciprocal Causation (3)
the person is influenced by their behaviour (self-fulfilling prophecy) and their environment
a person’s environment is influenced by the person themselves and their behaviour
a person’s behaviour is influenced by the person themselves and their environment
What are the general principles of the social learning theory? (4)
- people can learn through observing others’ behaviours and their outcomes
- learning can occur without a change in behaviour
- cognition plays a role in learning
- social learning theory is a transition/bridge between behaviourist and cognitive theories
Why is the social learning theory also considered as a cognitive learning theory? (4)
- learning can occur without performance
- learning involves cognitive processes
- learning comes with expectations
- learning results in awareness of responses, consequences, and contingencies
What are 4 steps of observational learning that lead to performance?
- Attention
- Retention
- Reproduction
- Motivation
What are the steps of modelling? (4)
- Observes is reinforced by the model
- Observer is reinforced by a third person
- Behaviour is influenced by positive consequences
- Vicarious reinforcement to the model
How does vicarious reinforcement work? (3)
- conveys which behaviours are appropriate in which settings
- arousal of emotional response of satisfaction
- repeated reinforcement, then incentive motivational effects are generated
What are 3 types of models?
live - actual person is demonstrating
symbolic - tv, video games, books
verbal instructions
What characterizes the effectiveness of models? (6)
- competency
- prestige
- power
- gender appropriateness
- relevance and credibility to observer
- intrinsic reward
What are the effects of modelling on behaviour? (4)
eliciting - teaches new behaviours
facilitation - strengthens learners’ existent restraint
inhibition - weakens learners’ existent restraints
disinhibition - encourages previously forbidden behaviour
What were the results of the Bobo Doll experiment? (3)
- children exposed to the aggressive model were more likely to act in physically aggressive ways
- children are more influenced by same sex models
- males have a tendency to be more aggressive than females
Why does Bandura consider self regulation important?
intrinsic reinforcement that comes from self evaluation is more influential than extrinsic reinforcement dispensed by others
Define self regulation
the individual has his own ideas about what is appropriate or inappropriate behaviour and chooses actions accordingly
What are 4 aspects of self regulation?
- setting standards and goals
- self observation
- self judge
- self reaction
What are 4 major factors of self efficacy?
- performance accomplishments
- vicarious experience
- verbal persuasion
- psychological state
