Social Learning Theory Flashcards
Why was social learning theory created?
As a response to develop the behaviourist approach that missed out the importance of processing between stimulus and response
What does the ‘processing’ between stimulus and response involve in social learning theory?
Observing consequences of their own and others’ behaviours, developing hypotheses about behaviour that is most likely to make them succeed to then be used as guides to future behaviour
How is social learning theory an advancement to the behaviourist approach?
It is based on experiences and assumes the individual considers the consequences of their behaviours to make sure their future behaviour is more suitable, creating a much more realistic approach in life that focuses on development and how we develop our learning through experiences
What are the four behaviours in social learning theory that help guide future behaviour?
V-icarious reinforcement
I-mitation
M-odelling
I-dentification
What are models and why are they needed?
Individuals that carry out an attitude/behaviour that is to be learned so that the individual learns how to act and reproduces it depending on the consequences of the behaviour
What are two types of role models?
Symbolic model: a role model portrayed in the media (an idol)
Live model: parent, teacher or member of peer group (a role model close to you)
What is it called when an individual reproduces behaviour shown by a model?
Imitation
What is the difference between direct and indirect reinforcement?
Direct reinforcement: learning through the consequences of your own behaviours in normal operant conditioning
Indirect reinforcement: learning through imitation of behaviours modelled by significant others
How is imitation more effective for learning than conditioning?
. Learning through conditioning takes many repetitions of a behaviour and many consequences to acquire the behaviour naturally
. Learning through imitation allows behaviours to be rapidly acquired as you process the behaviour and whether it should be used before you carry it out
What are the common requirements for behaviour to be imitated?
- Characteristics of the model are assessed (what is this models reputation)
- How good the observer’s perceived ability to perform that behaviour is (eg. if they feel like they can’t imitate then they won’t)
- Observed consequences of the behaviour (would it be wise to replicate)
What is identification in SLT?
Extent to which an individual relates to a model and feels they are similar to that person
When would an individual identify with a role model and what is this implication of this?
When the individual feels similar enough to the model to the point that they feel the consequences of the models behaviour would be the same for them, making them more likely to imitate behaviour from a model they are identified with
What is the mnemonic for the role of meditational processes?
Long
A-attention
R-etention
R-eproduction
M-otivation
What are meditational processes?
The cognitive processes between a stimulus and response in learning where an individual considers whether to imitate a behaviour
What did Bandura and Walter’s find out about consequences of behaviour?
Children who observed a role model being positively reinforced for a behaviour were much more likely to reproduce that behaviour than when they observed a role model who was punished for the same behaviour (vicarious reinforcement)
