Social Issues Flashcards
空巢老人
空巢老人
kōngcháo lǎorén
◊ empty nest◊ old person
空巢
空巢
kōngcháo
◊ empty nest
老人
老人
lǎorén
◊ old person
失独
失独
shīdú
◊ having lost an only child (short for shīqù dúshēng zǐnǚ 失去獨生子女/失去独生子女)
宪法
宪法
xiànfǎ
◊ constitution, charter (of a country)
现状
现状
xiànzhuàng
◊ present situation, status quo
老龄化社会
老龄化社会
lǎolínghuà shèhuì
◊ ageing society/population
独居
独居
dújū
◊ live alone
孤寡
孤寡
gūguǎ
◊ widows and orphans ◊ lone, alonec
城镇
城镇
chéngzhèn
◊ cities and towns ◊ town ◊ urban
比例
比例
bǐlì
◊ proportion, ratio ◊ scale
上升
上升
shàngshēng
◊ rise, go up ◊ be on the rise, increase (in degree, amount, etc.)
随着
随着
suízhe
◊ along with, in the wake of, as… (sth happens a change comes about) (usually followed by a clause expressing a change which has come about under the influence of the event in the clause with 隨著/随着)
中国政府
中国政府
Zhōngguó zhèngfǔ
◊ the Chinese government
实行
实行
shíxíng
◊ implement, put into practice, carry out ◊ implementation
计划生育
计划生育
jìhuà shēngyù
◊ family planning, birth control
政策
政策
zhèngcè
◊ policy
独生子女
独生子女
dúshēng zǐnǚ
◊ only child
年代
年代
niándài
◊ age, era, time, years, vintage ◊ decade of a century (as in bāshí niándài 八十年代 “the eighties”)
九成
九成
jiǔchéng
◊ ninety percent, nine-tenths ◊ {music} nine movements or variations of a tune ◊ nine stages
占比
占比
zhànbǐ
◊ proportion constituted (by), proportion accounted for (by), proportion made up (by)
老年
老年
lǎonián
◊ old age (over sixty or seventy years) ◊ senility
抚养
抚养
fǔyǎng
◊ foster, bring up
财务
财务
cáiwù
◊ financial affairs
传统家庭
传统家庭
chuántǒng jiātíng
◊ traditional family, conventional household
逐渐
逐渐
zhújiàn
◊ gradually, little by little
瓦解
瓦解
wǎjiě
◊ collapse, crumble, disintegrate, break down, fall apart ◊ (as a transitive verb:) break up, disintegrate; break, undermine, sap (people’s morale, will to fight, etc.)
比如
比如
bǐrú
◊ for example, for instance ◊
syn: 比方说 bǐfang shuō
养儿防老
养儿防老
yǎng ér fánglǎo
◊ raise one’s son(s) as a guarantee of support in one’s old age
负责
负责
fùzé
◊ be responsible for, be in charge of
婚后
婚后
hūnhòu
◊ postnuptial
子女
子女
zǐnǚ
◊ sons and daughters, children
住房
住房
zhùfáng
◊ housing, living accommodations or quarters
分开
分开
fēnkāi
◊ separate, part ◊ cause separate or part
农民工
农民工
nóngmíngōng
◊ migrant rural workers (who have moved to the cities to work, mostly in construction)
背井离乡
背井离乡
bèijǐng líxiāng
◊ (be forced to) leave one’s native place
城市
城市
chéngshì
◊ city, town
打工
打工
dǎgōng
◊ work (part-time/temporarily) ◊ do manual labour
赚钱
赚钱
zhuànqián
◊ make money, do business at a profit
留守儿童
留守儿童
liúshǒu értóng
◊ “left-behind children”—children left behind in rural areas when parents go to urban areas to find jobs
改变
改变
gǎibiàn
◊ to change, transform, alter ◊ change, transformation, alteration
赡养
赡养
shànyǎng
◊ support (one’s parents), provide for the daily needs of (one’s parents)
养老
养老
yǎnglǎo
◊ care for the old (esp. one’s parents) ◊ provide for the aged; elder care ◊ live (or support oneself) in retirement
困境
困境
kùnjìng
◊ difficult position, predicament
家庭
家庭
jiātíng
◊ family, household
模式
模式
móshì
◊ pattern, model
三代同堂
三代同堂
sāndài tóngtáng
◊ three generations (grandfather, father and son) under the same roof
四世同堂
四世同堂
sìshì tóngtáng
◊ four generations in one household ◊ crowded living conditions
老有所养
老有所养
lǎoyǒusuǒyǎng
◊ elderly people will be properly cared for, providing for the elderly
提供
提供
tígōng
◊ provide, furnish, offer (like ideas, materials, aid)
保障
保障
bǎozhàng
◊ safeguard, guarantee, protect (life, property, rights, etc.) ◊ safeguard, guarantee, protection
人口
人口
rénkǒu
◊ population ◊ number of family members
流动
流动
liúdòng
◊ flow (of liquid, gas); flux, move ◊ mobile, on the move
居民
居民
jūmín
◊ resident(s), inhabitant(s), citizen(s)
住房
住房
zhùfáng
◊ housing, living accommodations or quarters
条件
条件
tiáojiàn
◊ condition, term ◊ requirement, qualification ◊ condition, state of affairs
改善
改善
gǎishàn
◊ improve, ameliorate, get/make better, change (sth) for the better ◊ improvement, amelioration
以及
以及
yǐjí
◊ and, as well as, with, along with
民众
民众
mínzhòng
◊ the common people, the public, the masses, the populace ◊ citizens
家庭观念
家庭观念
jiātíng guānniàn
◊ attachment to one’s family
转变
转变
zhuǎnbiàn
◊ change, modify, transform ◊ change, modification, transformation
天伦之乐
天伦之乐
tiānlúnzhīlè
◊ family happiness
儿孙
儿孙
érsūn
◊ children and grandchildren, descendants
满堂
满堂
mǎntáng
◊ full room, full house (sold out)
功能
功能
gōngnéng
◊ function, feature
福利
福利
fúlì
◊ welfare, material well-being ◊ benefit (the people), improve the well-being (of the people)
贫穷
贫穷
pínqióng
◊ poor, impoverished ◊ poverty
福利房
福利房
fúlìfáng
◊ welfare housing, state-subsidized public housing
护工
护工
hùgōng
◊ nurse’s aid, nurse tech, patient care technician, care-giver
老人院
老人院
lǎorényuàn
◊ home for the elderly, old folk’s home
自理
自理
zìlǐ
◊ take care of oneself, look after oneself, manage for oneself (often used after the topic shēnghuó 生活) ◊ make one’s own arrangements, provide for by oneself, be at one’s own expense (used after a topic such as huǒshi 伙食 “meals,” or fèiyòng 费用 “expenses”)
亲家
亲家
qìngjia
◊ relatives by marriage ◊ parent-in-law of sb
老伴
老伴
lǎobàn
◊ husband or wife (of an old couple)
尚且
尚且
shàngqiě
◊ (not) even…(let alone…)
硬朗
硬朗
yìnglang
◊ hale and hearty (in old age) ◊ solid, sound, firm ◊ stubbornly
养老金
养老金
yǎnglǎojīn
◊ old age pension
维持生活
维持生活
wéichí shēnghuó
◊ maintain one’s (or one’s family’s) livelihood
日常生活
日常生活
rìcháng shēnghuó
◊ everyday life
困扰
困扰
kùnrǎo
◊ vex, beset, plague, harass, trouble, bother ◊ puzzle, perplex, bewilder ◊ difficult position; a matter that is difficult to handle ◊ encircle and harass (like enemy troops)
小饭桌
小饭桌
xiǎofànzhuō
◊ {colloquial} (in a kindergarten, school, etc.) small-sized dining hall for a certain group of people
靠人
靠人
kàorén
◊ depend on others
帮忙
帮忙
bāngmáng
◊ help out, lend a hand, do a favour
孝顺
孝顺
xiàoshùn
◊ be filial
孝道
孝道
xiàodào
◊ filial piety/duty/obligation
观念
观念
guānniàn
◊ idea, concept, thinking, attitude
逐渐
逐渐
zhújiàn
◊ gradually, little by little
解体
解体
jiětǐ
◊ disintegrate, collapse
年轻
年轻
niánqīng
◊ young (mostly referring to the teenage years)
子女
子女
zǐnǚ
◊ sons and daughters, children
责任
责任
zérèn
◊ responsibility, duty ◊ accountability
缺失
缺失
quēshī
◊ be short of, lack, miss; be missing ◊ loss, deficiency, absence, lacuna ◊ shortcoming, fault, defect, deficiency ◊ {genetics} deletion
看望
看望
kànwang
◊ pay a visit, call on (elders, relatives, etc.)
问候
问候
wènhòu
◊ give one’s regards to
需
需
xū
◊ need, require
供养
供养
gōngyǎng
◊ support, provide for (the daily needs of sb) ◊ care for (like one’s parents in old age) ◊ maintain, feed, raise
父母
父母
fùmǔ
◊ father and mother, parents
祖父母
祖父母
zǔfùmǔ
◊ paternal grandparents
倒三角
倒三角
dàosānjiǎo
◊ inverted triangle, upside-down triangle
种地
种地
zhòngdì
◊ {agriculture} till land for growing crops, farm ◊ farming
种庄稼
种庄稼
zhòng zhuāngjia
◊ plant crops ◊ farm
养猪
养猪
yǎngzhū
◊ raise pigs ◊ pig breeding
种菜
种菜
zhòngcài
◊ {agriculture} grow vegetables
照顾
照顾
zhàogù
◊ give consideration to, take into account, make allowances for ◊ look after, care for, take care of ◊ keep an eye on ◊ patronize (a store)
病人
病人
bìngrén
◊ a patient (usu. hospitalized); an invalid
保姆
保姆
bǎomǔ
◊ maid, housekeeper ◊ nursemaid, governess ◊ babysitter
生活
生活
shēnghuó
◊ life ◊ live, go through life ◊ exist ◊ existence, livelihood ◊ work
成本
成本
chéngběn
◊ cost (of producing a product or providing a service, in contrast to profit or economic benefit)
雇佣
雇佣
gùyōng
◊ employ, hire ◊ employment
