Social Interactions

Question 1

Status

Answer 1

• How an individual is classifies
• Three types:
  
  • Ascribed Status
  • Achieved Status
  • Master Status

Question 2

Ascribed Stats

Answer 2

• An involuntary status that lets society or other individuals immediately categorize you
• E.g., ethnicity, hair colour, accent, height

Question 3

Achieved Status

Answer 3

• Gained through your efforts, and hopefully successes
• E.g., Gaining the Status of Doctor or PhD is due to many active choices alone the path as well as hard work and years of dedicated effort.

Question 4

Master Status

Answer 4

• If you have more than one status, the most prominent status us the master status
• e.g., status that affects the majority of a social setting in a person’s life

Question 5

Roles

Answer 5

• Are the set of beliefs, value attitudes and norms that determine the expectations for any given status.

Question 6

Role Conflict

Answer 6

• Difficulty in satisfying the requirements or expectations of multiple roles.
• “work-life balance” is a form of role conflict
• The inherent principle is that you can’t actually have BOTH work and life. Those are then a role conflict, where you have to pick one or the other to win

Question 7

Role Partners

Answer 7

• The person with whom one is interacting
• They often help define the norms for a role, either directly or through their supporting actions
• For example, a medical doctors role partners can be: nurses, patients, colleagues, lab teach, etc. but the way each of those people interacts with the doctor further supports the expectations for their role

Question 8

Groups

Answer 8

• Two or more people
• Share similar characteristics
• Share sense of unity
• Social groups are unified by factors such as values, background and ethnicity and similarly the people who do not fall into one group usually end up in an opposing group.
• “in group” → people who you closely identify with
• “out group” → people who do not identify with closely

Question 9

Organizations

Answer 9

• Differ from groups since they:
  
  • Set up to achieve a certain goal
  • continue if an individual member leaves
  • tend to encompass formal roles

Question 10

Bureaucracy

Answer 10

• A rational system made up of political organization, administration, discipline and control
• Have defined roles for their members giving officials different functions and responsibilities
• Officials can move up or even down in the hierarchy since the riles are not fixed

Question 11

Networks

Answer 11

• Observable patterns of relationships between individuals and unit
• Can be between any individuals

Question 12

Reference Group

Answer 12

Is a group that an individual uses to evaluate themselves

Question 13

Primary Group

Answer 13

Refers to a group with close-knit, personal relationship, such as a family or a friend group

Question 14

Secondary roups

Answer 14

Groups that last a short period of time and have mostly superficial interactions

Question 15

Role performance

Answer 15

Refers to carrying out behaviour associated with a given role

Question 16

Role strian

Answer 16

Refers to difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role

Question 17

Role exit

Answer 17

Refers to dropping one identity for another

Question 18

Characteristic Institutions

Answer 18

A characteristic institution is the basic organizing institution in society (for example, a clan or a family)

Question 19

Iron Law of Oligarchy

Answer 19

Refers to the fact that democratic and bureaucratic systems ultimately become riles by an elite group over time

Question 20

McDonaldizations

Answer 20

• Refers to the shift towards standardization of similar organization.
• Over time organizations attempt to become more efficient and predictable.
• Refers to the standardization of a type of institution across society, with a focus on efficiency and predictability.

Question 21

Cognitive Neoassiciation Model

Answer 21

• Individuals are most likely to behave aggressively when they are experiencing negative emotions, such as when they are tired, sick, frustrated, or in pain.

Question 22

Secure Attachment

Answer 22

Would be exemplified by the child being distressed when the caregiver leaves and comforted when the caregiver returns

Question 23

Avoidant Attachment

Answer 23

• Is exemplified by the child showing no preference between the caregiver and a stranger showing no distress when the caregiver leaves and no comfort when the caregiver returns

Question 24

Ambivalent Attachment

Answer 24

• The child would show distress upon the caregiver leaving and lack of comfort upon the caregiver’s return; in this case, the child does not show distress upon the caregiver leaving

Question 25

Disorganized Attachment

Answer 25

* Would be exemplified by a lack of clear pattern of responses to the caregiver leaving and returning. Children exhibiting disorganized attachment also show repetitive behaviours such as rocking.

Question 26

Emotional Support

Answer 26

* Involves listening and empathizing with feelings

Question 27

Esteem Support

Answer 27

* Involves affirming the qualities and skills of a person and involves bolstering self esteem and confidence

Question 28

Informational Support

Answer 28

Involves providing information that helps someone

Question 29

Network Support

Answer 29

Involves providing a sense of belonging

Question 30

Material Support

Answer 30

Providing financial or material assistance to another person

Question 31

Altruistic Behaviour

Answer 31

Involves helping others at the cost of one self. For example, a nurse making herself late for work in order to help someone is an example of altrustic behaviour