Social Influence (Jar of Beans & Two process Theory ONLY) Flashcards
Summarise the Jenness (1932) study!🫘
Jar of beans study:
- Glass jar filled with 811 beans, ppts told to guess how many there are.
- First they gave individual answers
- then they came together as a group to get a group answer
- Average: Male ppts changed their answer by 256 beans & female by 382
Nearly all ppts changed their answer in belief that the group answer was more likely to be right.
Who came up with the Two-process Theory and in what year??📅
Deutsch & Gerard in 1955!
What does the Two-process Theory state are the 2 reasons that people conform??
- To be liked
- To be right
What is the conformity called when someone wants to be right??😇
informative Social Influence (ISI)
A COGNITIVE process where we follow behaviour of a group because we want to be right
What are the 4 situations where ISI is most likely to happen??
- Situation is new to you
- There are people who are more expert than you
- Element of ambiguity
- Decisions need to be made quickly
What is the conformity called when someone wants to be liked??👍
Normative Social Influence (NSI)
An EMOTIONAL process where we want to do what is ‘normal’ for a group. people want to fit in rather than be rejected.
What are the 4 situations where NSI is most likely to happen??
-You’re with strangers
- You fear rejection
- You seek the social approval of people you know
- You’re in a stressful situation and need group support
What are the 3 evaluation points of the Two-Process Theory??
- NSI & ISI work together
- Supported by research
- Individual Differences
Discuss the AO3 points of the Two-Process Theory: NSI & ISI work together👯
- Theory suggests situations are only NSI or ISI but in most cases they work together
- Asch’s experiment found that there’s less conformity when there’s another dissenting ppt
- Reduces NSI: Dissenter provides social support
- Reduces ISI: Alternative source of information
Discuss the AO3 points of the Two-Process Theory: Supported by research📋
- ISI is supported with evidence collected in other studies
- People will conform in situation where they feel they don’t know the answer
Lucas et al (2006): asked students to give answers to math problems varying in difficulty.
More conformity of wrong answers for tougher question
Discuss the AO3 points of the Two-Process Theory: Individual Differences🧑🦳🧑🦱
- NSI doesn’t affect everyone in the same way.
- Care less about being liked = less affected by NSI
- Care about being liked = greater need for affiliation
McGhee & Teevan (1967) found that students with a higher need for affiliation are more likely to conform.
