Social Influence 4.1.1 Flashcards
What is conformity?
The process by which an individual attitudes, beliefs or behaviour are modified by the presence or action of others.
Who discovered the types of conformity?
Kelman in 1958
What is compliance conformity?
- Public
- requires a group presence
-temporary change - why? to gain others approval
An example of compliance conformity
Wearing jeans even though you wouldn’t usually simply because the rest of your social group does.
What is Identification conformity?
- Publicly but sometimes privately
- Will agree while with group but can change ( as want to fit in)
- permanent viewpoint when in the group but can change when alone
-why? due to a want to be liked
An example of Identification conformity?
Winston is visiting from the UK to the USA. H stands up at the national anthem as he doesn’t want to upset his hosts.
He values the national anthem and respects those who sing it.
What is internalisation conformity?
- views held publicly and privately
- Group presence is not required (opinions obtained)
- The person genuinely accepts and agrees with the majority and the norms
Example of internalisation conformity
Len is driving through a built up area and he slows down significantly because he believes it is wrong.
He believes it is wrong and accept it personally so no view change
Who researched the explanations for conformity?
Deutsch and Gerard
What is ISI (informational social influence) ?
The need to be right
taking the belief of the minority in order to get the right answer
What’s NSI (normative social influence) ?
The need to be liked
Agreeing with the majority in order to seek social approval
What was the aim for Asch’s study?
To investigate the effect of social influence on the rate of conformity
Outline the procedure for Asch’s study
18 trial lab study
A judgement task where the subjects had to say which of the comparison lines matched the standard line
Only 1 naive participant and 6-8 confederates.
What is a confederate
Someone who is aware of the works of the experiment/research
What was the group size variable?
With 3 confederates –> conformity = 31.8% to the wrong answer
Conclusion of the group size variable
A small majority is not not sufficient for influence to be exerted.3+ is not needed
Adding more than three confederates made litttle difference
What was the unanimity variable?
Asch controlled a confederate right next to the ppt to disagree with the other confederates (dissenter)
Conformity –> 5%
Conclusion of the unanimity variable
conformity rates to be higher the majority needs to be unanimous (fully in agreement)
presence on dissenter redyced conformity making the ppt act more independently
What was the task difficulty variable ?
Asch made the comparison lines closer the standard line