social influence Flashcards
normative social influence
conforming ue to the esire o be liked -we conform to f in with the group because we dont want to appear foolish
informational social influence
conforming due to the desire to be right we conform because we are unsure of the situation ,so we look to others who we believe have information.
what are the three types of conformity
-internalisation
-identification
-compliance
describe achs procedure for conformity
-123 male participants undergraduates
-asch put a naiive ppt a room with 6-8 confederates
-naiive ppt was lead to believe other ppts were real participants
-each ppt was asked to choose which comparison line a,b,c or d was identical to target line
-the naiive ppt sat second to last
-in 2/8 of the trials did the confedeates state the incorrect answer
what was the result of asch study
-the naiive ppt gave wrong answer 36.8% of the time
-overall 25% of men did not cnform once which meant 75% conformed at least once
what were the three variations in asch study
- group size
-unanimity
-task difficulty
what was the aim for zimbardos research
To investigate how readily people would conform to the social roles in a simulated environment when allocated prisoner and guard in a role playing exercise.
describe the procedure of zimbardos study
American student volunteers were paid to take part in the study.
They were randomly issued one of two roles; guard or prisoner.
Both prisoners and guards had to wear uniforms.
No one was allowed to leave the simulated prison. The guards were allowed to control such behaviour,
in order to emphasise their complete power over the prisoners!
what were the results of zimbardos research
The study was stopped after 6 days
prisoners rebelled after 1 day
a prisoner was released on day 2
Their behaviour became increasingly violent and brutal.
what were the weaknesses and strengths of zimbardos study
weakness - the research was unreliable since it wasnt replicated
weakness -there were breaches in the ethical issues
weakness- it lacked internal validity since there were demand characterisitics participants
also knew that the study was not real so they claimed that they
simply acted according to the expectations associated with their role
strength - real life applications , changed the way prisoners were run
explains the behaviour of police who conform to police brutality.
what were the weaknesses and strength of asch research
weakness - low ecological valiity since it was set in a lab which lead to
low population validity -only tested on American white males ,who were pre graduates , wasn t able to make a conclusion since the sample isnt representative of the whole population
weakness - historical evidence 1950s was time people were unlikely to take a step and stand up for what they thought was right.
describe the aim for milgrams study
To observe whether people would obey a figure of authority when
told to harm another person i.e. evaluating the influence of a
destructive authority figure.
describe the procedure for milgrams
The learner was strapped to a chair wired with electrodes
the teacher was required to give the learner increasingly severe electric shocks ,every time he he gave a wrong answer in the word pair task.
Shocks ranged from 15 volts to 450 volts
ppts were given the right to withdraw.
however if the ppt was feeling doubt the person in the lab coat gave prods which applied pressure on the ppt
describe the results of milgrams the study
All ppts went to 300 volts
12.5% stopped at 300 volts
65% stopped at 450 volts
ppts were debriefed after
three people had uncontrollable seizures
84% reported that they were glad that they had taken part
70% of people
why is milgrams study reliable
his research was proven to be reliable since he it was replicated in 1966
Hofling et al nursing were instructed to give a fatal dosage by a doctor
found that 21/22 obeyed
in a field experiment giving high ecological validity
heightens population validity since was tested on women too.
