social inequality

Question 1

what is it?

Answer 1

Differences based on factors such as age ethnicity gender religion education and wealth existent or societies and create inequality

Question 2

spatical inequality

Answer 2

Social differences varying from place to place

Question 3

Quality of life

Answer 3

Extent in which peoples needs and desires and that this can be seen in areas such as the treatment of people or people treated with equal dignity and do they have equal rights?

Question 4

Standard of living

Answer 4

The ability to access service and goods this includes basics such as food water clothes housing and personal mobility

Question 5

social indicators

Answer 5

-fear of crime
- % on free school meals
- incidence of crime
- standard of health and acsess to health facilties
-standards of education
-persentage that are dependet on the welfare state

Question 6

political indicator

Answer 6

-opportunties to participate in community life and influence discussions e.g % voting in elections

Question 7

phycial indicators

Answer 7

quality of housing
level of pollution
incidence of litter
graffitii
vandalism

Question 8

economic indicators

Answer 8

-acsess to lesiure services
-acsess to umpleoyment
-level of income
-% of lone pentioners
-% of lone parents familys

Question 9

deprvation

Answer 9

Probation is commonly used to refer to the context of the quality of life and standard of living a life deprivation is more than just poverty poverty is not having enough money to support a decent standard of living where is deprivation with us the general lack of resources and opportunity

Question 10

index of multiple deprvation

Answer 10

income
housing
eductation
unemployemnt
healthcare
crime
living enviroment

Question 11

spatical patterns of social inequality

Answer 11

wealth - (disposiable income)

Housing - less choice, overcrowding, ill health LID’c and EDC’s millions of people have to live in slums
Homelessness is a growing problem among urban populations in many ACs this group often exists on the marginal of society and may result to squatting illegally or inhabiting derelict empty buildings

health

education

acsess to services (number of services, how easy it is to quire services, e.g transport links, social and economic factors)

Question 12

impact of TNC’s

Answer 12

What does identify transnational corporations and nation States is a key player in the global economy. Relationships among TNCs and between TNCs and the state drives change that impact the lives of millions of people

Question 13

global shift

Answer 13

Relocation of the manufacturing production on a global scale
raw materials such as copper and coffee were exported by countries like Zambia and Brazil which have limited manufacturing base of the own from the 1980s the new international division of labour gathered pace

Question 14

imaacts of globalisation

Answer 14

With economic reconstruction became the loss of employment in the primary and secondary sectors as the comparative advantage of ACs in the primary and secondary activities declined. AC is transformed in the post industrial societies which most people worked in the tertiary info ternary sectors.

Question 15

Impact of structural economic change on people in place

Answer 15

Deindustrialisation, some places which are heavily relied on a narrow range of traditional economic activities such as mining iron and steel making were badly affected by the industrialisation. Unemployment and associated problems such as ill health increase significantly and were often concentrated in inner-city neighbourhoods, the skills required by traditional heavy industries were not easily transferable to the growing service sector.

Question 16

positive effects of deindustrialisation on ACS

Answer 16

Cheap imports of relatively labour-intensive products which kept cost of living down

Great efficiency in surviving Outlets lets can increase and lead to higher productivity

Promotion of labour market flexibility and efficiency, great to work and ability to areas with relative scarcity of labour should be good for the country

Greater industrial efficiency should lead to the development of new technologies promotion and entrepreneurship and should attract foreign investment

Lots of mining manufacture industries can lead to improvements in environmental quality

Question 17

positive effects of deindustrialisation on EDC’c and LID’c

Answer 17

Higher exports generated income promotes export led growth therefore promotes investment into productive capacity leading to the multiple player affect on the national economy

Can trickle down to local areas with many new highly paid jobs

reduce negative trade balance

Can lead to exposure of new technology, improvements of skilled and labour productivity

Employment growth in relatively labour-intensive manufacturing spreads wealth and does reduce the global injustice

Question 18

Negative effects of deindustrialisation on ACs

Answer 18

Rising Job exports leads to an evitable job losses

Job losses from unskilled workers

Employment gains from new efficiencies will only occur if industrialised countrys Employment gains from new efficiencies will only occur if industrialisation dies the countries can keep their wage demand down

Branch plants are particularly vulnerable as in a time of economic recession this is the 1st to close with often large number of job losses

Question 19

Negative effects of deindustrialisation on LID’s and EDC’s

Answer 19

Unlikely to decrease inequality as jobs tend to be concentrated in local regions of urban areas, may promote in migration

Disruptive social impacts e.g. the roles of TNCs potentially being exploited and may lead to sweatshops, also the branch plants may move into LED seas leading to instability

Can lead to overdependence on a narrow economic base

Can destabilise food supplies as people give up agriculture

Environmental issues associated with over rapid industrialisation

Question 20

kondratieff

Answer 20

capitalist economic system operates in a series of interconnected cycles

the cycles of growth and innovation have been linked to technological innovation within the industry, providing the basis for a boom. once technology is no longer new then fewer opportunties for growth exit and then comes a recession

Question 21

who theories about the economic cycle?

Answer 21

kondratieff (german economist)

Question 22

where is the multipler effect strong?

Answer 22

core regions

Question 23

1st wave

Answer 23

iron and steal
water power
textiles

Question 24

2nd wave

Answer 24

steam power
railways
steel
cotton

Question 25

3rd wave

Answer 25

electricity
chemicals
combustion
energy

Question 26

4th wave

Answer 26

electronics
aviation
pharmaceuticals
nuclar energy

Question 27

5th wave

Answer 27

digital network
biotechnology
information technology
software

Question 28

6th wave

Answer 28

renwable enegry
medical technology and drugs
nanotechnology
arospace

Question 29

silicon valley

Answer 29

technological innovation, enterprise and high standard of living

silicon valley is is home to many of the worlds largest tech corporations,

stanford university has close links with much of of the reserch being carried out and offers a regular supply of high quality gradutaes.

availability of venture capital

more then half of the venture capital in the USA is spent in silicon vally

silicon vally has the most millionairs and billionairs in reletion to the population in the region,

however many production line workers arnt are not paid much more then the states minium wadge and the manufcatoring of some computer componants involved exposture to toxic chemicals which pose health risks, the majority of thease wokers are female migrants from aisa and latin america.

Question 30

where is silicon vally?

Answer 30

sour-then part of san francisco Bay, california

Question 31

how do the goverment tackle social inequality?

Answer 31

taxation
subsides - free school meals, welfare state
planning - regeneration
law- try and reduce discrimnation
eductaion -

Question 32

goverment spending in 2016 -

Answer 32

£760 billion

Question 33

main categories of gov spending

Answer 33

pensions, healthcare, (transport, defense, international development, wealth, education