Social Facilitation Flashcards
What is social facilitation?
The positive effect of an audience on performance.
E.G. scoring a penalty kick
Audience will lead to increased arousal which will increase performance if:
. Personality is extroverts because they have a less sensitive RAS
. Ability is high because the player has a well learned motor programmes
. Task type is gross and simple because it uses large muscle movements and has low perceptual load
What is social inhibition?
The negative effect of an audience on performance
E.G
Missing a penalty kick
Audience will lead to decreased performance if:
. Personality is introvert because they have a sensitive RAS
. Ability is low because poorly learnt motor programmes
. Task is fine and complex because it involves intricacy and high perceptual load
What is evaluation apprehension?
Perception of being judged by significant others
E.G talent scout
What is the effect of evaluation apprehension?
. Increased arousal/anxiety
. Avoidance behaviour
What are the strategies to minimise social inhibition?
. Imagery
. Relaxation techniques
. Practise
What is the proximity effect?
Effects are stronger when audience is closer.
When audience is supportive this leads to increased performance.
When audience is unsupportive this leads to an increase in arousal and anxiety, this decreases focus and performance.
What is home field advantage?
Familiar setting gives performer psychological comfort and a defensive mentality, which allows them to perform better at home.
E.G A netballer feels psychological comfort as arousal and anxiety are low since they are plying at home so setting is familiar. A GD would get many interceptions due to a defensive mentality as they don’t want to be beaten at home.
What is cue utilisation?
Utilise relevant cues through selective attention.
Low arousal(bored)=not focused, too many things going on
High arousal= focused on the wrong things
Opt arousal= hyper vigilant, focused on the right things
E.G A tennis player that is over aroused is focusing on the crowd, irrelevant stimuli rather the the relevant cue, the ball and hitting it with the racket with accuracy.
What is Zajonc‘s drive theory?
Social facilitation occurs when the skills is well learnt, autonomous performer, extrovert personality, setting is familiar, skill is gross/simple, TAS.
Social inhibition occurs when the skill is not well-learnt, the performer is cognitive, the personality is introvert, setting is unfamiliar, skill is fine/complex, TAF.
