Group and team dynamics Flashcards
What is a group?
A group has a common goal and common identity. Its members interact and communicate with each other.
What is team cohesion?
Coaches and team members need to work hard to correctly form a team that has a positive cohesion.
What is Tuckman’s model (1965) of how a group becomes a team?
. FORMING- the team meets and agrees on basic goals
. STORMING- there are different ideas of what the team should be doing
. NORMING- individuals adjust their behavior to work effectively in the team
. PERFORMING- the team members achieve the agreed objectives efficiently
What is the group like during forming?
. start to test relationships and work out roles
. team dependent on leader as roles are unclear
. get to know each other
. best behavior to make good first impression
. limited cohesion as there is little or no agreement on goals or vision for the team
What is the group like during storming?
. heightened tension
. rebels may emerge against the leader for status
. conflict may cause cliques to form
. often difficult for the team to make group decisions
. strong leader needed to get group through this stage
. members jostling for positions
. clear goal now established within the team
What is the group like during norming?
. behavioral standards are stabilized
. co-operation starts to replace conflict and group cohesion begins
. agreement within team and getting on well
. working towards common goal
. greater respect for the leader and often shared roles of responsibility
. often socialize outside of training and there is a stronger sense of team unity
What is the group like during performing?
. maturation of group has been achieved and relationships established
. group is now able to work as a unit with a primary goal being group success
. clear vision and more strategies that they use
. the group do not need to be instructed as team members are trusted to work together towards their common goals
. disagreements may occur but these are resolved quickly and efficiently within the team
. strong team cohesion
What is Steiner’s model of group effectiveness?
actual productivity(actual performance)=potential productivity (best possible performance) - losses due to faulty processes (faults in performance)
What is the ringlemann effect?
Explains that as the group size increases, the average individual performance within that group decreases. This causes an overall decrease in performance. Therefore, the bigger the team, the more likely the ringlemann effect/coordination losses are likely to occur.
What is social loafing?
This is where a performer attempts to hide when in a group situation. Often the player will ‘coast’ through the game and not perform to their maximum potential.
Tendency for some individuals to put in less than maximum effort when working as part of a group.
How do you reduce social loafing as a player?
. believe that their contribution is identifiable
. understand and accept their own responsibilities to the team
. know what its like to play other roles in the team
How do reduce social loafing as a coach?
. identify situations where loafing might occur
. be aware that no player can give 100% all game and to allow for fatigue/recovery periods
. verbally praise good performance/encourage underperformers to improve
. discuss loafing with the team and also privately with the individuals to find out reasons for loss of motivation
. ensure members have the right resources to achieve success
