Attitudes Flashcards
What is attitude?
A learned behavior that is a typical response of an individual ( a learned emotional and behavioral responses to a stimulus or situation).
What key words describe positive attitude?
. determination
. motivation
. commitment
. aware benefits of participation
. enjoyment
What key words describe negative attitude?
. give up/ quit
. lack of encouragement/support
. find sport frustrating or challenging
. avoidance
What are the factors that affect attitude to sport?
. past experiences
. significant others
. education
. media influences
. cultural/religious influences on participation
How may past past experiences affect attitude towards sport?
Pleasurable experiences lead to positive attitudes, whereas unpleasant experiences lead to negative attitudes.
How may significant others affect attitude towards sport?
Peers often influence to formation of attitudes
e.g. male dancers may be discouraged by peers leading to a negative attitude
Attitudes are also shaped by our role models
e.g. Paralympian athletes can be a source of inspiration to others with a disability leading to a positive attitude.
How may education affect attitude towards sport?
Education influences our beliefs
e.g. outdoor education can lead us to appreciate and respect the natural environment leading to a positive attitude
How may media influence attitude towards sport?
The media strongly influences our attitudes
e.g. television may determine our involvement/view of sport
How may cultural or religious beliefs affect our attitude towards sport?
These factors shape and form our attitude
e.g. gender ole perception- few women strive to be Olympic weightlifters
e.g. some athletes feel they cannot compete on Sunday
What is the triadic model of attitude?
. COGNITIVE
(knowledge)
BEHAVIOUR AFFECTIVE
(response) (emotion)
What is the cognitive component?
Our beliefs and knowledge that we have about a certain thing
(past experiences/others)
e.g. I know that participating in circuit training has multiple health benefits.
What is the affective component?
Our emotional reaction to something/ whether we dislike it or not
e.g. You enjoy the feeling of reward after the circuit training session
What is the behavior component?
How we actually behave or respond, this may or may not link to our cognitive beliefs
e.g. You undertake two sessions of circuit training per week
How do we change attitude through the use of knowledge of the triadic model?
Cognitive dissonance
Method of cognitive dissonance:
. changing one component of the triadic model, the whole attitude can be changed
. changing one component causes psychological discord or conflict- the person will become uncertain and emotionally unsettled or ‘in two minds’
. this is a good way to change negative attitude because a person is motivated to restore balance between the attitude components
. motivation to restore harmony is called drive for consonance (opposite of dissonance)
How do we change attitude using verbal persuasion?
Persuasive communication
Method of persuasive communication:
. PERSUADER- needs to have a high status e.g. the coach
. RECIPIENT- the recipient must want to change attitude
e.g. understand why change is needed
. MESSAGE- presented in a way that will make the player want to change
e.g. you have the skill to perform this tactic
. SITUATION- changed more easily if persuader is present
e.g. team members to provide encouragement
