Social Development Flashcards
What kind of motion patterns do newborn chicks prefer (as opposed to motion patterns of a random or upside down nature)?
Biological motion patterns
What kind of motion patterns do newborn babies prefer (as opposed to motion patterns of a random or upside down nature)?
Biological motion patterns
To which kind of configurations do newborn babies tend to orient?
To face-like configurations.
How is the orientation of newborn babies to face-like configurations helpful?
Because it helps them to learn.
When newborn babies orient to face-like configurations, on what do they seem to rely as opposed to abstract facial representations?
Simpler properties of the stimuli.
Toward which type of faces do newborns prefer to orient, as opposed to those with a diverted gaze?
Toward faces with a direct gaze.
Upon the presentation of an image of an upright face with an averted gaze, as well as an image of an upside down face-like configuration, toward which image would newborn babies be most likely to orient?
Toward the image consisting of the upright face with averted gaze.
Why do newborns prefer to orient toward faces with a direct gaze, as opposed to those with a diverted gaze?
- Because faces with a direct gaze might relate more precisely to the template which they use to detect faces.
- Because the template which newborns use to detect faces might be functionally optimised to detect eye contact from a caregiver.
What kind of speech do newborns prefer?
Infant-directed speech (IDS)
What are four ways that adults might modify their speech when they are speaking to infants?
They might speak with a higher pitch, a more distinctive pitch contour, a slower tempo, and longer pauses.
What is one possible reason that adults modify their speech when they are talking to infants?
To facilitate the infants’ language learning.
What is known as ‘motherese’?
The way in which adults modify their speech when they are speaking to infants.
With whom else besides infants do we modify our speech when we talk to them?
Dogs.
To which three phenomena do newborns with a very limited exposure to social stimuli preferentially orient?
- Biological motion
- Faces (especially those with a direct gaze)
- Infant-directed speech
