Social Cultural Revolution Flashcards
The evolution of society involves the growth of
both humans and the population, leading to
changes that occur as society evolves.
Human and sociocultural evolution
2 Types of Society
Ferdinand Tonnies
- Development of technology
- Development of economy
250,000 years ago
Societies
Hunting and gathering societies
Survived by gathering and hunting plants
Societies
Hunting and gathering societies
Oldest and most basic economic subsistence
Societies
Hunting and gathering societies
Hunting and gathering societies
No permanent address
Societies
Nomadic
Hunting and gathering societies
Sharing of resources
Societies
Fairly Egalitarian
There’s a little surplus of food
societies
Hunting and gathering societies
Live in small groups
societies
20-40 members
Hunting and gathering societies
10,000, to 20,000 years ago
Societies
Horticulture and pastoral societies
Raise their own crops
Societies
Horticulture societies
Raise animals and use them as their major source of foon and means of transportation*
Societies
*Nomadic
Pastoral Societies
More animals = Wealthier
Societies
pastoral societies
Using plows and oxen, societies grew crops,
leading to wealth, surplus food, trade centers,
and increased social inequality.
Societies
Agricultural or Agrarian societies
Increase of demand for resources = rivalry
Societies
Agricultural or Agrarian societies
- Division of classes: Peasants vs. Landowners
- Extensive Trait: Conflict isn’t avoided
- Revolt: Peasants
- Gender Inequality: Physical work is needed; men
Technological advances replaced agricultural
equipment, leading to machines and factories.
Societies
Industrial Societies
People moved to urban areas, increased
cultural diversity, and social power shifted to
business elites and government officials.
Societies
Industrial Societies
Members form close relationships, focus on
family and communities, and experience a
strong sense of solidarity, often found in
pre-industrial societies and rural villages.
Ferdinand Tonnies’ Ideal Societies
Gemeinschaft
Social relationships prioritize need over
emotion, often temporary, impersonal, and
prioritize individual goals over group ones,
usually found in urban and postindustrial
societies.
Ferdinand Tonnies’ 2 ideal societies
Gesellschaft
Society now values knowledge as a capital
form, with education focusing on new
information technology.
Societies
Post-Industrial Societies
The economy transitions from production to
service provision, with ideas being the main
growth driver.
Societies
Post-industrial Societies
Professional workers grow, and behavioral and information sciences develop.
Societies
Post-industrial Societies
Identity is a conception of our character,
encompassing various roles and expectations,
and can include multiple aspects.
Societies
Post-industrial Societies
