Social Cognition

Question 1

Person Perception

Answer 1

your own understanding of reality, forming opinions on others.
Example: Forming an opinion on someone based on their appearance.
In the movie, the people who were white didn’t want to talk to ‘black’ people just because of their appearance and race.

Question 2

Attitudes

Answer 2

Evaluations of people, objects, and ideas.

The way we think of something.

Question 3

Tricomponent Attitude Model

Answer 3

Affective, Behavioural, Cognitive.

Question 4

Affective

Answer 4

How you feel about the attitude of the object.

Example: I love pizza

Question 5

Behavioural

Answer 5

Actions that reflect your attitude.

Example: I eat pineapple on pizza.

Question 6

Cognitive

Answer 6

What you think about the object.

Example: I love pineapple on pizza, because it is both sweet and savoury.

Question 7

Limitations of the Tricomponent Model

Answer 7

Our behavior doesn’t always reflect our attitude.

Movie Example: Forced to sit with someone of a different race on the bus, and rooming with them.

Question 8

Stereotypes

Answer 8

A generalised belief about a group of people.
Example: Blonds are dumb.
Movie Example: Most young girls are into dolls, but sheryl is into football.

Question 9

Prejudice

Answer 9

Negative feeling against people within a certain group.
Example: Sex, Gender, Race, Ageism.
Movie Example: The white people of the town, have a negative feeling towards the African Americans.

Question 10

Discrimination

Answer 10

The unjust treatment of people within a certain group.
Example: Saying hurtful things about your race.
Movie Example: Gerry’s girlfriend refuses to shake Julius’ hand.

Question 11

Prejudice is a _______, Discrimination is an ___.

Answer 11

Prejudice is a FEELING, Discrimination is an ACT.

Question 12

Ways to prevent and reduce prejudice.

Answer 12

Education, Cognitive intervention, Direct Experience, Intergroup Contact, Super-Coordinate Goals.

Question 13

Education (reducing prejudice)

Answer 13

Helps students identify prejudice and discrimination, as well as acceptance and tolerance of others.
Movie Example: No example in the movie, didn’t have any lessons on helping the students identify prejudice.

Question 14

Cognitive Intervention

Answer 14

Informing people about the group they hold prejudice against. And providing time for this information to be understood.
Movie Example: They are all team-mates and need to work together.

Question 15

Super-Coordinate Goals.

Answer 15

Getting conflicting groups to work together on a common goal, they both want and need to solve.
Movie Example: Winning the championship, by working together as a team.

Question 16

Direct experience.

Answer 16

Experience of another culture or lifestyle. This may lead to bigger appreciation of the culture or group which may have a prejudice held against them.
Movie Examples: White people got to see how the African Americans were treated, when they hung out with them in public.

Question 17

Intergroup contact.

Answer 17

Increasing direct contact between two groups who are prejudiced against each other.
Movie example: sitting them besides the opposite race in the movie- (the bus scene)

Question 18

Intergroup contract includes:

Answer 18

• SUSTAINED contact over a period of time.
• Groups must CO-OPERATE together.
• Both groups must share EQUAL STATUS.

Question 19

What are the effects of prejudice and discrimination?

Answer 19

Effects:

• Mental Health.
• Violence.
• Self Esteem.

Question 20

Cognitive Bias

Answer 20

a systematic error in thinking that affects the decisions and judgments that people make.

Question 21

Self-serving bias

Answer 21

the tendency for people to take personal credit for success but blame failure on external factors

Question 22

fundamental attribution error

Answer 22

Tendency to explain people’s behavior in terms of internal factors, whilst ignoring external factors.

Question 23

Actor-Observer Bias

Answer 23

Tendency to explain others’ behaviors in terms of internal factors, but our own in terms of external factors. We place more responsibility on others for their actions when something bad happens, while we tend to let ourselves off the hook.

Question 24

defensive attribution

Answer 24

Occurs when we learn of a person in crisis or adversity and attribution of that event to something internal and controllable. This reduces the risk of this happening to us.

Question 25

Cognitive process

Answer 25

Follows 3 distinct steps:

1. Observation
2. Conscious determination.
3. Attribute

Question 26

Observation.

Answer 26

An observation of an outward act of behaviour.

Question 27

Conscious Determination.

Answer 27

Acknowledgement of the behaviour.

Question 28

Attribute

Answer 28

We decide on our attribute cause to this observed behaviour.

Question 29

Personal attributions

Answer 29

Caused by something internal

Question 30

External attributions

Answer 30

Caused by something outside the individual.