Social Class & Educational Achivement - internal factors Factors

Question 1

What is cultural deprivation?

Answer 1

The belief that many working class and black children are inadequately socialised by their parents so lack the culture needed to succeed in school

Question 2

How is language effected in cultural deprivation?

Answer 2

Berstein identified two types of speech codes

-Restricted and Elaborate codes

Question 3

What’s the restricted and elaborate code?

Answer 3

Restricted-limited vocab,short sentences,monosyllabic words

Elaborate - wide range of vocab,longer grammar,polysyllabic words

Question 4

What are the three main explanations for factors that are external to the school influencing achievement?

Answer 4

• Cultural Deprivation
• Material Deprivation
• Cultural Capital

Question 5

What did Douglas think about parenting?

Answer 5

Working class parents place less value on education and didn’t have high expectations for their children - Opposite to middle class

Question 6

What did Feinstein find out about middle class parents?

Answer 6

That they were

• more consistent with disciple
• encourage active learning
• provide better sullen
• more likely to help with homework

Question 7

What does cultural deprivation say about subcultures?

Answer 7

Parental interest in their child’s educations reflects the cultural values of the working class

Question 8

What is maternal deprivation?

Answer 8

Refers to the lack of basic necessities e.g dirt,housing and clothing

Question 9

What are the barriers to learning resulting from maternal deprivation?

Answer 9

• students can’t afford uniforms and trips & are often bullied and feel isolated
• families with low incomes are less likely to have access to a computer and Internet access as well as their home often being cold may lead to I’ll health
• more likely to have to look after younger siblings

Question 10

What is cultural capital?

Answer 10

Refers to the tastes,languages and values of the middle class

Question 11

What does Bourdiue argue about cultural capital?

Answer 11

Through socialisation middle class children develop skills of how to analyse and discuss abstract ideas so are more likely to feel at home in the education system

Question 12

What is bourbons positional theory?

Answer 12

He believed that working class students were not in the same position as middle class students and therefore had more factors that subtly influenced them to the ‘drop out’ of education and enter manual work

Question 13

What are the differences between the working class in the positional theory?

Answer 13

Costs-Working class can’t afford cost of further education where’s as middle class have the funds

Question 14

what are some of the key differences between the subcultural values and goals of the middle and working class?

Answer 14

time orientation - working class use present time orientation and only focus upon the here and now whereas the middle class focus on the future 
gratification- working class look for immediate gratification and middle class look for delayed gratification

Question 15

what are the compensatory education policies?

Answer 15

these are policies that have been implemented to try and tackle the problem of cultural deprivation in deprived areas e.g

• sesame street
• sure start
• education action zones