social change vs conservative Flashcards
points for social change
- neomarxism
- feminism
- postmodernism
- weber
- fundamentalism
- Mcguire
why do neomarxists believe religion is a force for change?
liberation theology provides evidence that there is social change through justification of oppression eg Father Camilio of Columbia
why do feminists believe religion is a force for change?
- changing female atttidues
- NAMs
- Alridge- the goddess
why do postmodernists believe religion is a force for change?
- Bauman- increase fundamentalism due to choice, associated with social change
why is fundamentalism a force for change?
- islamic- bruce, society quickly modernised due to west eg secular ed so opposed Shah bc unhappy about it and led to revolution
- christian- american society in state of decline and moral crisis so christian rights campaigned against bad laws eg aborition
Webers points on force for change
protestant work ethic + spirit of capitalism
- 2 branches of christianity- portestant and catholicism
- protestant= predetermined, catholic= earn place
- caused clash so protestant created theodicies (signs) showing that they will go to heaven
- included working hard, reinvesting and becoming wealthy
- this is the basis of capitalism
evaluation of Weber
- Kautsky- captialism predated protestanism + used to justify it
- capitalism started in scotland, swizerland, hungarary which were Calvinist. Marshall found these countries lacked economic conditions necessary for capitalism to develop
points for conservative force
- marxism
- feminism
- functionalism
- social action
- hook
- halevy
how is religion a conservative force - marxism?
- marx
- maintains norms + values, religion prevents social change through test of faith
how is religion a conservative force- functionalism?
- durkehim: totemism reaffirms solidarity
- bellah, civil religion americanism unites them eg flag
how is religion a conservative force- feminism?
- religion patriarchal eg scriptures, body, sexuality
how is religion a conservative force- social action?
- scared canopy + universe of meaning= state of nomos.
- answers lifes big questions maintaining status quo
how is religion a conservative force- Hook?
Catholicism has a conservative stance on contraception
how is religion a conservative force- Halevy?
Methodism prevents working class revolution- encourages members to seek enlightenment spiritually
Mcguire
it depends on the following factors are present to cause social change
1. belief
2. culture
3. social location
4. internal organisation
explanation of belief
religions emphasing strong moral codes make critical members seeking to change society
explanation of culture
want change= uses religious legitimimation for actions
explanation of social location
greater importance of religion=greater potential to play part in producing change
explanation of internal organisation
strong source of authority= more chance affecting events
