Social action and education Flashcards

1
Q

what do inside school explanations explain

A

differences in educational achievement in terms of social processes operating within schools

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2
Q

What do social action theorists claim

A

educational failure/success is determined by the hidden curriculum

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3
Q

what is the hidden curriculum

A

the informal education that takes place in schools

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4
Q

what does the hidden curriculum provide in schools

A

culture, relationships, display material, assemblies, way school is organised and work experience

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5
Q

what does it mean to label someone

A

attaching a meaning or definition to them

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6
Q

what do teachers label students on the basis of

A

stereotyped assumptions about their class background

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7
Q

what are 3 characteristics of interactionism

A

micro theory, small scale interaction, qualitative data

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8
Q

what did Becker study about labelling

A

interviewed 60 Chicago pupils and found that teachers label pupils on how closely they fitted the image of an “ideal pupil”

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9
Q

6 ways teachers label pupils

A

how they dress, talk, how helpful they are, how enthusiastic they are, level of co - operation and relationship with other pupils

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10
Q

what do Cicourel and Kitsuse’s study about labelling

A

disadvantage working class students

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11
Q

What does Rist study about labelling in primary schools

A

teachers used information about a childs home background and appearance to base them into separate groups

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12
Q

what is the name of the 2 separate groups Rist studies children are put into

A

Fast learners / tigers - middle class
Cardinals / clowns - working class

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13
Q

What does Keddie study about labelling in primary schools

A

those in dominant positions have the power to label some knowledge as inferior or superior to others

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14
Q

What do Gilbourn and Youdell study about labelling in primary schools

A

schools use nations of ability to decide which pupils have the potential to achieve five A- C grade Gcse’s

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15
Q

what is a pupil subculture

A

group of student who share similar patterns of behaviour and values

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16
Q

what does Lacey study about pupil subcultures

A

play a part in creating class differences in achievement

17
Q

what is the meaning of differentiation

A

teachers categorise pupils according to how they perceive their ability (streaming)

17
Q

What is the meaning of polarisation

A

process people respond to streaming to create pro or anti school subcultures

17
Q

What does woods study about pupils subcultures

A

identified 8 different responses to school ranging from compliance to rebellious

18
Q

Who’s study did Woods criticise

19
Q

What is self - fulfilling prophecy

A

a prediction that comes true by virtue of it having been made

20
Q

What does the teacher label a pupil based on in self fulfilling prophecy

A

class background

21
Q

what does the pupil internalise with self fulfilling prophecy

A

the teachers expectation of them

22
Q

what do Rosenthal and Jacobson study about self fulfilling prophecy

A

teacher expectations of which class contained the most able students was soon transmitted to the students through body language, attention and encouragement

23
what is streaming
separating students into different ability groups of classes called streams
24
what does Becker study about streaming
teachers don't see working class as the ideal student so they get placed in lower streams
25
what do students in lower streams do
live up to their teachers low expectations and underachieving
26
what has the labelling theory been criticised for
being too deterministic as not all students who are labelled fulfil their prophecy
27
what does Willis say about inside school explanations as a Neo Marxist
highly critical of them as they stem out of working class cultures rather than processes operation inside the school
28
what does Bourdieu study about habitus
linked to concept of cultural capital, middle class habitus = middle class advantage
29
what is habitus
way of thinking, being and acting are shared by a certain social class
30
what is symbolic capital
middle class pupils who have been socialised with certain tastes or preferences
31
what is symbolic violence
reproducing the class structure by keeping working class in their place
32
what are nike identities
alternative of status and value for working class
33
what does Archer study about pupil class identities and the school
working class would have to change how they talk and present themselves to be successsful
34
what does Ingram study about working class identity and education failure
having a working class identity was inseparable from belonging to a working class locality so most working class boys end up at their local secondary school
35