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Sociology > Soc Test 2 > Flashcards

Soc Test 2 Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Dramaturgical Metaphor

A
  • individuals are actors, performing roles
  • audience is who or whatever you are performing for
  • stage is your setting (front stage, backstage)
  • performance techniques can be learned through observation or other actors
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2
Q

Impression Management is _____________.

A

How we adjust our presentation of self

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3
Q

First impressions give us a _______.

A

Base Outline

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4
Q

Frontstage

A

area where your present yourself to society and the world

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5
Q

Front stage tends to be ___________ (3 things)

A

superficial, stressful, poor representation of self

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6
Q

Backstage

A

area where you go to prepare for performances

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7
Q

Performance of Self

A
  • we are merely actors performing role after role

- trying to ‘find yourself’ is futile

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8
Q

Frame Analysis

A

every situation is set into a frame, and we perform our role based on this frame

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9
Q

Modern society is _______ (Four Things)

A

Urban, Industrial, Bureaucratic, Pluralistic

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10
Q

3 great revolutions

A

Political, Scientific, Industrial

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11
Q

Political Revolution destroyed ______ and ______.

A

great monarchies and feudalism

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12
Q

Political revolution caused rise of _______.

A

democratic societies

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13
Q

Scientific revolution was the _______.

A

rise of scientific method (reason)

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14
Q

Two key consequences of Scientific Revolution

A
  1. Technological innovations –> industrial revolution

2. Declining significance of a religious world view

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15
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

specialized, machine based production

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16
Q

Industrial Revolution caused the birth of the _______.

A

middle class

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17
Q

Industrialization definition

A

Replacement of living energy sources with non-living energy sources

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18
Q

Social Differentiation

A

the process by which different social categories energy and by which people come to fill those categories

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19
Q

Specialization

A

one type of social differentiation, “the transformation from single, multiple purpose statuses/roles to multiple, single purpose statuses/roles.”

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20
Q

Consequences of Specialization (Optimistic Prediction)

A
  • Adam Smith
  • dramatically increases productivity
  • creates new jobs
  • mechanism for social organization
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21
Q

Economic interdependence

A

exchange relationships

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22
Q

Consequences of Specialization (Cautiously Optimistic)

A
  • Emile Durkheim
  • is specialization really a viable form of social organization?
  • Industrial societies could produce solidarity
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23
Q

Solidarity

A

“commonality of purpose and social identity”

24
Q

Pre industrial societies had _______ solidarity

A

mechanical

25
Q

economy determines _______.

A

solidarity

26
Q

simple division of labor by _____ and ______.

A

gender and age

27
Q

organic solidarity

A

economic interdependence

28
Q

Specialization could produce ________.

A

anomie

29
Q

anomie

A

a condition of societal normlessness

30
Q

Consequences of Specialization (Pessimistic)

A
  • Karl Marx

- concerned about the types of work in an industrial economy

31
Q

Alienation definition

A

separation/estrangement from:

  • production process itself
  • finished products of our labor
  • our fellow workers
  • ourselves
32
Q

stratification

A

vertical ranking of members of a society, based upon their access to and control over scarce resources

33
Q

According to Max Weber, we rank people according to:

A

wealth, honor, power

34
Q

class stratification

A

rank according to wealth

35
Q

status stratification

A

rank according to honor

36
Q

party stratification

A

rank according to power

37
Q

Household Economy

A
  • produced subsistence
  • work was performed in and for the household
  • money was used as a unit of account
  • barter/trade for items they did not produce
  • orientation AWAY from the market
38
Q

Capitalism

A

a set of social practices and a way of thinking about organizing economic activities

39
Q

3 Distinct Features of Capitalism

A
  1. the Market
  2. Distinct Economic Institutions
  3. Profit Orientation
40
Q

The Market

A

impersonal buying and selling of commodities

-goods produced with expressed intent of selling them for more than it cost to produce them

41
Q

Distinct Economic Institutions

A

organizations specializing in the manufacture, distribution, and sale of specific problems

42
Q

“Double dependence”

A

?????

43
Q

Profit Orientation

A

Marx- commondity production circuit:

M-C-M’ (Money, Commodities, More Money)

44
Q

2 Predictions about Stratification

A

Marx: 2 Class Society

Adam Smith: Generally Higher Standard of Living for Most

45
Q

Bourgeoisie and Proletariat

A

owners and workers

46
Q

Poverty Line

A

$22,050/family of 4

research shows that a family needs twice the poverty level income to meet basic needs

47
Q

Feminization of Poverty

A

female headed poverty houses has increased to 50%; there is an increasing number of females in poverty

48
Q

_____% of US has Bachelor’s degree or higher

A

30

49
Q

Unemployment rate:

A

7.7% (4.2 among college students)

50
Q

Three types of labor

A
  1. extractive (primary)
  2. manufacturing (secondary)
  3. services (tertiary)
51
Q

5 functional (occupational) groups

A
  1. Extractive Production
  2. Industrial Production
  3. Low Skilled Services
  4. High Skilled Services
  5. Administration
52
Q

Post industrial

A

most jobs don’t work in factories

53
Q

2 fastest growing services

A

correctional and healthcare

54
Q

Income

A

what you are paid

55
Q

Wealth

A

everything you have

56
Q

____% of wealth goes to top ____% of population

A

93, 20

57
Q

___% of America has ____% of nation’s wealth

A

1, 40

Sociology (3 decks)

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