SOC Midterm Flashcards
What does Lorde suggest about human difference?
According to Lorde, we tend to speak not of human difference, but human deviance.
What does Thomas M. Shapiro criticize in ‘Toxic Inequality’?
Shapiro criticizes arguments about wealth inequality that fail to recognize the racial disparities intertwined with wealth distributions.
What key benefit of work in the formal economy does Wilson focus on in ‘Jobless Ghettos’?
The key benefit is disciplined regularity.
What stereotypes do Pyke and Johnson discuss regarding Asian women and men?
They write about stereotypes that Asian women are submissive, Asian men are domineering, and White men and women are egalitarian.
They call these stereotypical ideas controlling images.
How does Hurtado and Sinha’s study expand scholarship on masculinities?
Their empirical study expands scholarship because previous qualitative studies with feminist-identified men have focused predominantly on the experiences of White men.
How do city planners view gay populations in urban revitalization?
They often regard gay populations as ‘urban pioneers’ who signal neighborhood renewal and raise housing prices.
What summarizes current ideological debates about sexuality and family in the U.S.?
There is still considerable public ambivalence about same-sex couples in discussions of family politics.
Familismo
A cultural value emphasizing close family ties, loyalty, and mutual support, particularly common in Latinx communities.
Racial Formation
A sociological theory that race is a socially constructed identity, shaped by historical, political, and economic forces.
Jobless Ghettos
Urban areas with high unemployment and concentrated poverty, often due to deindustrialization and systemic racism.
Gentrification
The process of urban renewal that displaces low-income residents as wealthier individuals move in, raising property values and living costs.
Magical Negro
A stereotype in which a Black character exists mainly to help a white protagonist, often possessing mystical or wise qualities.
Sociological Imagination
The ability to connect personal experiences to larger social and historical forces, coined by C. Wright Mills.
Intersectionality
A framework for understanding how different social identities (race, gender, class, etc.) intersect to create unique experiences of oppression or privilege.
Equity and Equality
Equality means treating everyone the same, while equity involves giving people resources based on their needs to ensure fairness.
Human Deviance
Behaviors or actions that violate social norms, which are defined by cultural and societal expectations.
Systems of Power and Inequality
Institutional structures and practices that create and maintain disparities in wealth, status, and opportunity based on race, gender, and class.
Animalistic Traits of Black Masculinity
A racist stereotype portraying Black men as hypersexual, aggressive, or physically dominant to justify oppression and criminalization.
Social Meanings of Race
The ways in which societies assign meanings to racial categories, shaping identities, interactions, and inequalities.
Honorary White
A racial classification where some non-white groups are granted privileges similar to white people due to social or economic status.
Toxic Inequality
The deepening gap between the wealthy and the poor, often exacerbated by systemic racism and policies that favor the elite.
American Dream
The ideal that anyone can achieve success and upward mobility through hard work, often critiqued for ignoring systemic barriers.
Race and Class Bias
Prejudices and systemic advantages or disadvantages based on race and socioeconomic status, influencing opportunities and treatment in society.
Controlling Images
Stereotypical representations used to justify the oppression of marginalized groups, such as the “angry Black woman” or “welfare queen.”
Internalized Oppression
When marginalized groups accept and reinforce negative stereotypes about themselves due to societal conditioning.
Hegemonic Masculinity
The dominant form of masculinity that upholds male power, emphasizing traits like dominance, emotional suppression, and heterosexuality.
Gender Binary
The classification of gender into two rigid categories—male and female—ignoring non-binary and gender-fluid identities.
Urban Pioneers
Affluent individuals, often white, who move into historically low-income urban areas, accelerating gentrification and displacement.
