SMR Flashcards
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What is Spinal Motion Restriction (SMR)?
SMR is a medical protocol aimed at minimizing movement of the spine in patients with potential spinal injuries.
What is the primary goal of SMR?
The primary goal is to prevent further injury to the spinal cord and surrounding structures during transport to medical facilities.
In what scenarios is SMR particularly critical?
SMR is critical in cases of trauma where spinal injuries are suspected, such as in accidents or falls.
What was the historical standard approach for managing suspected spinal injuries?
Full immobilization was historically the standard approach.
What has changed in the approach to spinal injury management?
Advances in medical understanding have led to more nuanced approaches, focusing on risk assessment and selective immobilization.
What percentage of trauma patients actually have significant spinal injuries requiring SMR?
Less than 1% of patients with trauma actually have significant spinal injuries requiring SMR.
What are the indications for SMR?
SMR is indicated in cases of penetrating trauma, falls, sports injuries, and other high-risk scenarios.
What specific criteria indicate the need for SMR?
Criteria include any trauma associated with neck or back pain, and neurologic signs or symptoms.
What types of trauma can lead to spinal injury?
Types of trauma include penetrating trauma and blunt trauma.
What are common scenarios leading to spinal injury?
Common scenarios include sports accidents, diving incidents, and explosions.
What are significant risk factors for spinal injury?
Falls, pedestrians struck by vehicles, and electrical injuries are significant risk factors.
What neurological signs indicate the need for SMR?
Weakness in limbs, lack of coordination, and paralysis are critical signs requiring SMR.
What specific symptoms should be monitored for spinal injury?
Symptoms include paresthesia, priapism, and altered consciousness.
What is the protocol for applying SMR?
A cervical collar should be applied, and the patient must be secured to a stretcher.
What special considerations are there for penetrating trauma?
Assessments must include checking for spine tenderness, neurologic signs, and altered consciousness.
What takes precedence over SMR in emergency situations?
The ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) take precedence over SMR.
What should be done if no risk criteria are present for SMR?
If no risk criteria are present, SMR may not be necessary.
What should be maintained in spinal injury cases?
Maintain spine in neutral alignment and minimize gross movement.
What should a paramedic do for complaints of neck and back pain?
Assess for external forces and potential spinal injury.
What is the protocol for patients with penetrating trauma?
Assess for spine tenderness and altered level of consciousness.
What is the guideline for spinal boards?
Carry two spinal boards and extrication/lifting devices.
What should be done for unresponsive patients?
Hold C-spine until a collar is in place.
What is the purpose of a flow chart in SMR?
It provides a synopsis of the entire standard and serves as a quick reference.
