smells Flashcards
how is an ester made?
the acid is added to the alcohol and heated for some time. The condenser stops the gas from escaping and helps to cool it down again, so that it can react more. The condenser allows the reaction to go on for longer.
what is another word for a very strong smell?
pungent
what is the natural substance found in pine trees used to give a pleasant smell to?
disinfectant
what are perfumes and cosmetics made from? and what can others be made from?
natural resources. Others can be made from a synthetic source
what can roses be distilled to make?
perfume
name 3 good properties for perfume?
- evaporates so perfume particles reach nose
- non toxic
- no reaction with water
- does no irritate skin
- insoluble in water so its not washed off the skin
what is needed to make a perfume?
a chemical called ester
write the word equation for the production of ester
alcohol + acid — ester + water
what else contains ester?
some nail varnish
what is it called when a liquid evaporates easily?
volatile
what is a substance that dissolves in liquid called?
soluble
what is a substance dissolved in a solution called?
solute
what is the liquid that is dissolved called?
a solvent
what is a substance that does not dissolve in a liquid called?
insoluble
why cant water be used to remove nail varnish?
because it does not dissolve nail varnish
what tests must cosmetics go through?
test for rashes or itchiness. Not cause skin damage or lead to life threatening conditions in long term use
what has the EU banned?
testing of cosmetics on animals
what can esters be used as?
solvents
describe the movements of gas particles?
move rapidly and randomly with high kinetic energy
why doesn’t water dissolve in nail varnish?
because the force of attraction between two water molecules is stronger than that between a water molecule and a molecule of nail varnish
